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Period: 2200 BCE to 220
Chapter 6-Ancient China
Ancient China had 5 dynasties that were ruled by emperors. They conquered a lot of land and expanded Chin what we now know as China. The the 5 dynasties are Xia(2200BC), Shang(1500s BC), Zhou(1050-400 BC), Qin(221-206 BC), and Han(206 BC-AD 220). They were all known for different things and had different methods of conquering China but all were successful nonetheless. The geography contains many landforms that protect China. -
Period: 2000 BCE to 500 BCE
Chapter 8- Ancient Greece
The Ancient Greeks first people were the Minoans. There were also Mycenaeans, but they weren't considered Greek because they had their own language. The Greeks worshipped the Greek gods. They created the democracy government and before had governments with aristocrats and tyrants. They had many types of government over the years like oligarchy and a government with tyrants and had many types of literature. -
1600 BCE
8.1- Crete- The End of the Minoan Society
The Minoans lived in Crete and traded goods like wood, olive oil and pottery for copper, gold, silver, and jewels. However, Crete might have been a good location for trading, the geography was dangerous. During the 1600s BC, there was a huge volcano eruption. It flooded much of Crete and through up huge clouds of ash, destroying everything, This is one of the possibilities of the end of the Minoan Society. -
1500 BCE
6.1-Huang He Valley- Shang Dynasty Begins
The Shang dynasty is a dynasty that was established in around the 1500s BC. They ruled an area in Northern China that was broad. The rulers moved their capital a few times probably because they wanted to avoid floods or enemy attacks. The King and nobles were at the top of the social structure, with artisans below them then farmers then slaves at the bottom. They also created China's first writing system. -
753 BCE
10.1- Ancient Rome- Rome is Founded
According to legend, Rome was founded by two brothers, Romulus and Remus. They were put in a basket when babies and thrown into the Tiber River. However, they survive because a wolf rescued and raised them. After a while, a shepherd found the boys and adopted them. When they grew up, they wanted to create a city where they were saved, but however, when they were planning, Remus mocked his brother, so out of anger, Romulus killed Remus. He then named the city after himself- Rome -
Period: 753 BCE to 146 BCE
Chapter 10- The Roman Republic
The Romans created a strong republic that ruled many places. There is a legend that it was founded by two brothers, but one died. The Romans fought many wars and were a huge impact on our history. -
750 BCE
8.3- Ancient Greece- Homer Writes the Iliad and the Odyssey
Homer is a great Greek poet. He is known for writing the Iliad and the Odyssey, two great pieces of poetry. The Iliad is about the Trojan War, and the Odyssey, which follows Odysseus's 10 year journey back home to Troy. He wrote great epics, and these are used for the Greek education system. -
551 BCE
6.2- Ancient China-The Beginning of Confucianism
Confucius is the most influential teacher in Chinese history. He thought China was full of rude and dishonest people. He said China had to return to ethics, which are moral values. Now these ideas are referenced as Confucianism. He wanted China to go back to the time when people knew their roles in society. He created a teaching that was religious and philosophical at the same time. He believed people were doing what heaven expected of them when they behaved well and acted morally. -
550 BCE
9.1- Persia- Cyrus the Great Revolts from the Medes
In Persia, there were conquerers called the Medes. They ruled Persia for about a hundred and fifty years. However, a man named Cyrus II revolted and succeeded. He won Persia independence and he founded the Persian Empire. He also conquered the Medes during the revolt. He created one of the biggest empires in the world. -
Period: 550 BCE to 30 BCE
Chapter 9- The Greek World
Greece had many city states and empires. There were many conquerors and wars between different areas. They also had many achievements during this time. The Greeks achieved many things whether it comes to wars or achievements. -
500 BCE
8.2-Athens- The Invention of Democracy
The Athenians invented democracy. They started out with two other types of government- oligarchy, which was ruled by few, and a government ruled by tyrants and they held power through force. A man named Cleisthenes invented democracy. He is considered the father of democracy. Democracy is ruled by the people. They vote for the improvements they think should be made and they debate. This type of government is still used today. -
500 BCE
9.4- Ancient Greece- The Beginning of Philosophy
The Greeks always look up to the gods to define the things that happen in the world. However, a few people started looking for more explanations. These people are called philosophers. Some very famous philosophers are Aristotle, Socrates, and Plato. They believed in the human mind to think, explain, and understand life. -
450 BCE
10.2- Ancient Rome- The Writing of the Law of the Twelve Tables
The officials of Rome were responsible for creating the laws of the city. They didn't write these laws down, so as a result, many people were mad at this because they did not want to be punished by breaking laws they did not know existed. So they wrote laws on 12 bronze tables and they displayed these in the Roman Forum. -
410 BCE
11.3- Ancient Rome- The Goths Attack
The Goths were not able to defeat the Huns when they were invaded by them. As a result, they fled to the Roman territory. The Romans were scared they would destroy their property, and they paid them to not attack. After a while, they stopped paying them, so they destroyed the city 2 years later. -
404 BCE
9.2- Athens- The Peloponnesian War Begins
The Peloponnesian War is the war between Sparta and Athens. Sparta thought that the growth of Athens's power was worrying so they attacked. They burned down Athens crops, but Athens escorted merchant ships with a lot of food. The war went on for a long time, but they had a truce. In a few years later, Athens tried to take over Sicily, but they were taken prisoner. The Spartans attacked, and Athens surrendered. -
335 BCE
9.3- Greece- The Beginning of Alexander the Great's Empire
Alexander the Great created one of the world's best empires. He took over his father Philip, who was killed during his daughter's wedding. The people of Thebes revolted when Philip died, but at only twenty years old he ended the revolt in Thebes. In a year, he destroyed Thebes and made the Thebans slaves. This was the beginning of his huge empire. -
221 BCE
6.3- Ancient China-Shi Huangdi Becomes Emperor
Shi Huangdi became the emperor of China.He enforced legalism, a belief that people needed to be controlled because they are bad by nature. His government had strict laws and harsh punishments. He ordered everyone to follow his policies and burnt books that weren't agreeing with legalism. A lot of scholars were against the burnings, and as a result, he buried 460 scholars alive.He also built the Great Wall of China, because he was scared they would be attacked. Many people died building the wall. -
218 BCE
10.3- Ancient Rome- Hannibal Attacks Rome
Carthage, a city in Northern Africa, attacked Rome multiple times. A memorable one is when a man named Hannibal attacked Rome. He was considered one of the greatest generals. He hated Rome from an early age. However, he was forced by the Romans to leave the city. He was not successful but he was very ambitious. -
206 BCE
6.4- Ancient China- Beginning of Han Dynasty
The Han Dynasty was first ruled by a man named Liu Bang, the first peasant to be emperor. He was well liked by everyone and earned their loyalty and trust. He thought the people shouldn't have strict and harsh government policies so he lowered taxes for the farmers and the punishments weren't as bad. He also gave big blocks of lands to the people who supported him. He was well liked by soldiers and peasants, which helped him maintain control. -
58 BCE
11.1- Gaul- Julius Caesar Conquers Gaul
Julius Caesar is one of the greatest generals of all time. He was nice to his army and was admired for his skill and bravery in battle. He conquered nearly all of Gaul, or modern-day France, he was good with the people and had conquests in Gaul. -
Period: 44 BCE to 476
Chapter 11- Rome and Christianity
The Romans have changed over a long period of time. They became an empire adapted Christianity, and did many other things. They had conquered many places, had the Jews under their power and they learnt about Christianity. Many things happened I. Rome and that place is very historical. -
30
11.2- Ancient Rome- Jesus Gets Crucified
Jesus Christ, the Son of God, was a teacher of Christianity and taught many people to trust God. He did many great things, but however, some people thought He was a threat. They thought He was challenging the authority of political and religious leaders. So they arrested Him while in Jerusalem. He was executed shortly after they arrested Him. He was crucified, or nailed to a cross and He bled to death. -
100
6.5- Ancient China- The Beginning of the Silk Road
The Silk Road is a 4,000 mile long trade road that was stretched out from China and went through the Middle East and ended at the Mediterranean Sea. China traded silk, jade, and spices like nutmeg, ginger and cinnamon for objects like amber, gold, and wool. China grew wealthy from this trade route because silk was very popular in Rome. It was difficult to travel on the Silk Road. Traders tended to travel in groups while on the road. -
Chapter 6- Modern Day- Malaysia- Silk Production
Like in China, silk is still very valuable. The same techniques are used and is now sold nearly everywhere. It is very soft but expensive, and is still very valuable to certain people. -
Chapter 8- Modern Day- Malaysia- Greek Literature, Language, and Mythology
Even now, people use Greek literature to teach. They use mythology to teach about what people thought about the world back then. They use fables to teach important lessons. They use famous literature to teach about history and the Greek language is found in English today because the Greek words are used as roots. The Greeks have impacted our language and education in many ways -
Chapter 9- Modern Day- Philosophy
The philosophers in Ancient Greece impacted our way of thinking today. Without them, some things that we know today might not be known without them. They helped us develop many different theories using the power of the mind. -
Chapter 10- Modern Event- Republics
The Romans invented republics, a type of government. It is still used now. There have been some changes to the concept, but is still used in many countries. -
Chapter 11- Modern Day- Christianity
Rome was where the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ took place. They were the place the religion began, and now a lot of people practice that religion. Rome impacted Christianity hugely and was important to the religion itself.