-
They used iron tools for farming and other stuff. Iron helped farming a lot.
-
It is the second largest continent on earth. The have lots of gold but lack water. The Sahara desert is the largest desert in the world. Mali and other empires there got rich because of the gold and salt.
-
The Mayans, Aztecs, Inca, and Conquistadors all ruled for some time. They all strong empires before the conquistadors came. Cortés conquered Aztecs and Pizarro conquered Inca empire.
-
When the Han Dynasty collapsed, the period of disunion started. There was war and cultures mixed.
-
The Soninke people are the first people of Africa. They began to form tribes and became the Ghana Empire. They banded together for protection.
-
Patrick was a monk who helped convert the Irish people into Christian. He was kidnnapped into Ireland as a teenager but escaped 6 years later. After he died, he was declared a saint by the Irish.
-
Most people were Christians at that time. It was feudalism. That time period was also called the dark ages.
-
Yamato’s rule extended over much of Honshu. They do not rule all of it but they claim that they are emperor.
-
It was called the Middle Ages because it falls between modern and ancient times. It was also called the dark ages. It was after the fall of Rome.
-
Japan is an empire. It is ruled by shoguns who rule in the emperor’s name. Daimyos hire suamurai to protect their land and pay them with food and land.
-
After the period of disunification, the Sui dynasty took over and soon got overthrown by the Tang Dynasty. They were more modern.
-
Pacal was the king of Maya since 12 year old. When he died, he was buried in a temple. He lived for 80 years and led many religious events.
-
Song Dynasty invented the first paper money system. Instead of heavy coins, they can have lots of money that takes up only a little space.
-
Popes and kings dominated European society. The crusades fought against Muslim forces 5 crusades. The Magna Carta was signed by king John.
-
Pope Gregory disapproved a bishop chosen by the emperor of the “Holy Roman Empire”. The king tried to remove his position of pope and the pope excommunicated him.
-
Zen Buddhists believed that self-discipline and meditation leads to wisdom. Faith and good behavior do not matter.
-
People began to question church teachings and authority. The religious ideas that opposes teachings of the church is called heresy.
-
The French and German kings sent people to retake the holy land. They failed miserably.
-
During the Song Dynasty, you had to memorize entire Confucian texts which lasted 72 hours. People bribe the test graders to get good grades.
-
Eleanor of Aquitaine ruled Aquitaine, a region of southwestern France. She became queen of France after she married King Louis VII but later divorced him and married the king of England, King Henry II.
-
The Magna Carta was a set of rights that cannot be ignored by the king. King John was forced by his nobles to sign it.
-
He was born in Italy and was the son of a wealthy merchant. He considered every one to be his brother and sisters. Even animals. He started the friars.
-
Sundiata was the first ruler of Mali. When he was a boy, Mali was under the rule of a harsh ruler. He made an army and defeated them. Then he conquered nearby kingdoms.
-
The Italian Renaissance was the rebirth of education and old style architecture. The Silk Road was reopened and made safer by the mongols. The things were mostly based on humanism. Masters like Michelangelo and Leonardo D Vinci were very famous.
-
Venice, Milan, and Florence became trading centers. Florence began with wool trade but soon became a banking center. The richest person ruled the city.
-
Cortés goal was the riches, adventure, and to convert people to Christians. The king thought that he was a god and gave him stuff. He wanted more so he captured the king. The Aztecs drove them out but they came back and won.
-
A German man named Johann Gutenberg invented the movable type. Each letter was on a different metal. Entire page is printed at once.
-
Starting from 1400 AD, it was the early modern age. People discovered America and a sea route to India. We also discovered that things go around the sun.
-
Zheng He was an excellent sailor and traveled all over the world. He came to Malaysia and Thailand. He traveled to Malaysia 7 times before he settled here and the first Chinese Malaysians were born.
-
Pachacuti became the Inca ruler in 1438. He rebuilt the Inca capital and established the official Inca religion. He also expanded the empire conquering the western coast of South America.
-
He was the guy from Spain that discovered America while trying to find India that is why native Americans are called Indians.
-
Mercantilism, a statement in which the gov. Controls all economic activity in the country and colonies. It makes the gov. Stronger and stronger. A country is measured by wealth.
-
Martin Luther nailed his complaints on the church door on October 31 1517. It was called the 95 Theses. That eventually caused a split and a new branch called the Protestants.
-
Copernicus found out that things revolved around the sun not the earth. He feared persecution by the church because of their beliefs. He was later convinced to sharing his ideas.
-
A haiku is a short 3 lined poem of 17 syllables that normally describe natural scenes.
-
The Age of Reason was also called the enlightenment. A lot for the major countries had a revelution and overthrew their government. Democratic countries start.
-
Even though the Magna Carta has been in place of 100s of years but kings do not honor it. They created the English Bill Of Rights to enforce it.
-
Volitaire’s real name was François. He poked fun at religious tolerance. He thinks that the purpose of life is pursuit of human happiness through science.
-
He wrote about the human mind, science, government, and religion. Believed in natural rights.
-
Samurai were fierce Japanese warriors. They have hardened and sharp swords. Japan had to ban guns to keep samurai from dying out.
-
The West African sculpture inspired visitors from Europe including Henri Matisse and Pablo Picasso.
-
Inca roads stretched nearly 12000 feet in elevation and followed natural features, such as valleys, ridge lines, and the coastline. It is still kept maintained and in good condition.
-
The Columbian exchange made hamburgers possible. The food got a lot more viarity but most has corn in it.
-
The West African people were really good at making iron tools. We are still using similar techniques of making iron to make farm tools.
-
Zen Buddhism is still popular in Japan. They have temples to both Buddha and Shintoism.
-
There are still many branches of Christianity today including the Protestants.
-
The grand canal is still used in China and the bridges are still maintained well for use.
-
Christianity is the most common religion on earth. A lot of people worship the god. It is worshiped almost everywhere.
-
People still oppose church teachings and other branches of Christianity. Not everyone agrees to church teachings
-
There is no more divine right in England and the king and queens have no more strong hold on the country.