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Grace Bruns
Period 1 -
When there was tension between the US and Britain, he was president during the war of 1812.
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Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun became leaders in the House of Representatives. Their supporters were called Warhawks (those who were eager for war with Britain).
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Britain told the Us they would continue impressing sailors.
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It was not a good time for Britain, they were still at war in Europe. The Americans were convinced they would win, so they were not prepared for war.
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Jeffersons spending cuts had weakened Americas Military. The navy only had 16 warships ready for action, and it was a small army consisted of only 7,000 men.
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In the first few days, Britain set up a blockade of the American coast. They were able to close up all ports.
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American troops under General William Hull invaded Canada from Detroit. Fearing he did not have enough soliders, he retreated. The British commander took advantage of Hull's confusion and captured 2,000 American solides.
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A major sea battle was fought at the beginning of the war. The USS Constitution defeated the Brtish Warship Guerriere in a firece battle.
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The Americans had better luck at Lake Erie. A three hour battle took place in the western part of the lake. During the battle the American flagship was badly damaged. The Americans had won that battle.
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As the Britsh with its Native American allies retreated, General William Henry Harrison pursued them into Canada and defeated them.
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Many Native Americns suffered during defeat in the South. In the summer of 1813, Creek Warriors attacked several southern American settlements. In 1814, Andrew Jackson defeated the Creeks at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend.
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The British wanted to attack Washington D.C. They marched to the city. The Presidents wife, Dolly Madison gathered up the Presidents important and fled the White House. The British set fire to many government bulidings incluing the White House. Americans were shocked that their army could not defend Washington.
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The British had now moved on to Baltimore They first wanted to attack Fort McHenry. British warships bombarded the fort throughout the night. The Americans had beaten off the attack.
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On the back of an envelope, Francis Scott Key had written a poem called "The Star-Spangled Banner". It told the story of his nights watch at the Attack on Baltimore. In the 1930s, the song became the National Anthem of the United States.
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A group of Federalists met in Hartford, Conneticut. Some delegates suggested that the New England States should withdraw from the nited States. The convention quickly ended after that.
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Britain became tired of war. On Christmas Eve of 1814, both sides sighned the Treaty of Ghent which ended the war. The treaty had returned things back to the way they were.
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News of the treaty took several weeks to reach the US. In that time, The US an Britain fought one more battle. The Battle of New Orleans. American forces under General Andrew Jackson won a stunning victory against the British.
