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Otto von Bismarck becomes Chancellor of Germany
Following unification of Germany under Prussion leadership. Skillfuly utilized political principles to unify German states into a powerful nation-state effectively managing diplomatic relations and domestic affairs. Laid groundwork for emergence of Germany as a dominant force in European poliyocs and marked significant geopolitical shifts in late 19th and early 20th centuries. -
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First Sino-Japanese War
Primarily over contorl of Korea. Japan which has emerged as a leading power defeated China's outdated military, marking turning point in East Asian power dynamics. Treaty of Shimonoseki in 1895 granted Japan territories and concessions, establishing its dominance in region and weakening China's influence. -
Fashoda Crisis
British and French forces clashed over control of Fashoda. Both nations sought to expand their colonial empires and establish dominance in Africa. Crisis peacefully resolved through diplomatic negotiations. with France ultimately conceding control of te area to Britain, preventing a potential war between Britain and France. -
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Second Boer War
Conflict between the British Empire and Boer states. Arose primarily from tensions over British imperial expansionism and the Boers' desire for independence and control over their territories. Ultimately ended with British victory, leading to annexation of Boer republics into British-controlled South Africa. -
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Philippine-American War
Conflict between United States and Filipino revolutionaries. Arose from tensions following Spanish-American War, during which the Phillipines were ceded to United States by Spain. War resulted in American vicotry and establishment of American colonial rule in Philippines. -
Anglo-Japanese Treaty/Alliance
Agreement between Britain and Japan aimed at adressing mutual interests and in Asia and countering Russian expansionism. Essentially formed a military alliance wherein both nations pleadged to support each other in case of of aggression from other powers in the region, particularly against Russian influence in East Asia. Marked a significant departure from Britain's traditional isolationalism and was a precursor to Japan's emergence as a major power in the 20th century. -
Entente Cordiale
Between France and Britain. Aimed to settle various colonial disputes and secure peace between the two nations. Paved the way for closer cooperation between France and Britain leading up to World War 1. -
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Russo-Japanese War
Conflict fought between the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan. Primarily over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and Korea. Japan's victory established it as a major regional power and marked the first time in modern history that and Asian nation defeated a European power. -
First Moroccan Crisis
Germany challenged France's control over Morocco seeking to disrupt French influence and test the unity of the Triple Entente. Germany's move heightened tensions between major European powers and almost led to a way. Diffused by Algeciras conference where France's position was largely supported. Crisis higlighted fragility of European alliances and marked further tensions leading up to World War 1. -
Panama Canal finished
Connects Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Greatly reduces travel time for ships moving between two oceans avoiding lengthy voyage around South America. Canal's completion revolutionized global trade and transportation, facilitating exchange of goods and fostering economic growth worldwide.