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7 Years War (French and Indian War)
French expanding into the Ohio River valley brought France into the conflict with the British colonies which then evolved into the 7 years war. It ended with the signing of the treaties of Hubertusburg and Paris in February 1763. -
Invention of the Spinning Jenny (using machines to manufacture)
The spinning jenny was a multi-spindle spinning frame. It was one of the key Inventions in the industry of weaving during the early Industrial Revolution. (invented by James Hargreaves in Stanhill) -
Declaration of Independence (American Revolution)
A statement written by Thomas Jefferson asking for the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain -
Smith Writes Wealth of Nations
It analysed the association between work and the manufacturing of a nation's wealth. (Written by Adam Smith) -
French Revolution begins
The people overthrew the monarchy and took control of the government. This led to the execution of King Louis XVI and the end to many wars. -
Jenner's Smallpox Vaccine
Jenner took fluid from a cowpox blister and scratched it into the skin of James Phipps a blister rose up but he recovered later Jenner injected the boy again but with smallpox matter however, the boy was not affected by it -
Haitian Independence
Two months after the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte's forces Jean-Jacques Dessalines declared the independence of Hati -
British Abolish Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
The Act made it illegal to undertake in the slave trade throughout the British colonies however, trafficking in the Caribbean isles continued. -
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Janissary Revolt
Ottoman Empire was in decline and had lost much of the territory it had ruled over. Selim, in his efforts to westernize angered the Janissary who rose up and killed advocates -
Congress of Vienna
a meeting of the ambassadors of European states who were there to agree the settlements of Europe after the Napoleonic Wars. -
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Independence of Latin America
The Majority of Latin America except the colonies of Cuba and Puerto Rico were now out of the hands of the Iberian powers who had ruled the region. -
1st Opium War in China
The Opium Wars came from China’s attempt to take down the opium trade. Foreign traders (mainly British) had been illegally exporting opium from India to China since the 18th century -
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Tanzimat Reforms
A series of governmental reforms that expected to centralize and defend Ottoman rule and take more tax for the military defense of the empire. -
Marx & Engles' the communist manifesto
an attempt to explain the goals of Communism. It states that if one class struggles, or the exploitation of one class by another, are the motivating force behind all historical developments. -
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European Revolutions
A series of republican revolts against European monarchies. They all ended in failure and restraint, and were followed by widespread disappointment among the liberals. -
Commodore Perry Opens Japan
Commodore Perry led his four ships into the harbor at Tokyo Bay, wanting to re-establish regular trade and discourse between Japan and the western world. -
Sepoy Mutiny
a violent uprising against British rule in India.The main spark that led to the mutiny was the issue of new gunpowder cartridges -
End of Russian Serfdom
Abolished at the Tsar's imperial command. The serfdom that had operated in Russia was technically not slavery. The landowner did not own the serf. -
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U.S. Civil War
the Civil War was fought over the moral issue of slavery. It was the economics of slavery and political control that influenced the start of the Civil War -
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Italian Unification
Movement to unite Italy into one cultural and political entity however, failed in their attempt to create an Italy united by democracy. -
U.S. Emancipation Proclamation
The proclamation stated "that all persons held as slaves" in the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free." -
German Unification
Was used to draw the western German states into alliance with the North German Confederation. -
Berlin Conference Division of Africa (begins scramble for africa)
Adjusted European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period and coexisted with Germany's sudden exposure as an imperial power. -
New Zealand Grants Women Suffrage
New Zealand became the first self-governing country in the world where women had the right to vote in parliamentary elections. -
Battle of Adwa (Ethiopians defeat Italians)
Ethiopia defeated the Italian colonial army when Menelik II came to the Ethiopian throne in 1889, the Italians thought that he would surrender power to them. -
Spanish-American War (US acquires Philippines, Cuba, Guam, & Puerto Rico
America's support on the ongoing struggle by Cubans and Filipinos against Spanish rule, and the mysterious explosion of the battleship U.S.S. Maine in Havana Harbor were key elements that led to the Spanish-American War. -
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Boer War (British in control of South Africa)
The conflict arose between the British colonizers and the Boers from the Transvaal Republic or Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (helped by orange feed states) -
Russo-Japanese War
A war between Russia and Japan over rival territorial claims. In winning the war, Japan emerged as a world power. -
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Mexican Revolution (Diaz Overthrown)
A tremendous disagreement among the Mexican people over the dictatorship of President Porfirio Díaz (who was said to have been in office for 31 years). The people had no power to express their opinions or select their public officials. -
Chinese Revolution (end of Qing)
events leading to the revolution began when an agreement was signed with a group of foreign bankers for the construction of lines on the Hukwang Railway in central China. The Beijing government decided to take over a company line in Sichuan, on which construction had been barely begun, and apply part of the loan to its completion. The sum offered did not meet the quota of the stockholders, the dissatisfaction boiled over into a revolt. -
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World War I
During the conflict, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire fought against Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania, Japan and the United States. (started after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand) -
Russian Revolution (Czar Abdicates)
ruler of Russia (Nikolai II) was forced to abdicate the throne after general revolts break out in Petrograd -
Russian Revolution (Communist/Bolshevik)
The Bolsheviks would later become the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. they believed that each person is paid according to their abilities and needs. -
Armistice (end of WWI fighting)
the armistice that ended fighting in World War I between the Allies and their opponent (Truce) -
Treaty of Versailles
This was one of the most important peace treaties that had ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers which led to the end of world war -
Kellogg-Briand Pact (outlawing war)
the Kellogg-Briand Pact was an agreement where signatory states promised not to use war to resolve disputes or conflicts when they come up -
stock market crash
The great depression was in full force and the global economic collapse did not help what so ever nearly half of America's banks had failed, and unemployment was seemingly increasing. -
Japanese invasion of Manchuria
This occurred when the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria immediately following the Mukden Incident which was an excuse to raid Manchuria in the first place. -
Italian invasion of Ethiopia
A border incident between Ethiopia and Italian Somaliland gave Benito Mussolini an excuse to intervene with Ethiopia which at the time was one of the few independent states in a mostly European-Dominated Africa -
Japanese invasion of (rest of) China (rape of Nanking)
after an unsuccessful insistent demand that the defending Chinese troops in Nanking should surrender, the Japanese troops launched a massive attack in the city. -
German blitzkrieg in Poland
The British sought to discourage German aggression by pledging to use force to protect Poland in the case of an invasion. When German forces invaded Poland swiftly. -
Pearl Harbor, entry of US into WWII
An aircraft owned by the Imperial Japanese Navy attacked the United States Naval base at Pearl Harbor within the time of the bombing 18 warships were damaged and many were killed. -
Yalta Conference (beg of Cold War?)
The main purpose of the conference was the re-establishment of the nations conquered/destroyed by Germany -
Hiroshima/Nagasaki
After the events of pearl harbor america had planned on bombing japan the devastation led to Japan's unconditional surrender and brought an end to World War II. -
end of WWII (Japan surrenders)
The Japanese delegation sighed to surrender on board the USS Missouri, marking the official ending of World War II. -
Truman Doctrine (“official” deceleration of Cold War)
stated that the United States would provide political, military and economic help to all democratic nations threatened from external or internal authority. -
independence & partition of India
the partition resulted in the dissolution of the British Raj and the countries of Pakistan and India legally separated. -
birth of Israel
In 1917, Britain issued the “Balfour Declaration,” which declared its intent to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine which moved on to be Israel. -
Berlin Blockade/Airlift
it was an attempt to limit France, Great Britain and the United States from traveling to their sectors of Berlin -
NATO founded
NATO was used primarily to defend member nations from threats by communist countries. -
Chinese Communist Revolution
A revolution in China that was led by the Communist Party of China which resulted in the proclamation of the Republic of China -
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Korean War
it all began when the North Korean Communist army crossed and invaded non-Communist South Korea. -
Vietnam expels France (Dien Bien Phu)
France agreed to withdraw its forces from all its colonies in French Indochina, while specifying that Vietnam would be temporarily divided at the 17th parallel -
Bandung Conference (Non-Aligned Nations)
The Bandung Conference came from an increasing frustration and distance among the so-called “non-aligned” nations of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. -
Khrushchev begins de-Stalinization
A series of political improvements in the Soviet Union after the death of Joseph Stalin in 1953, and the rise of Nikita Khrushchev to power. -
Nationalization of Suez Canal
The reason for the joint Israeli-British-French attack on Egypt was the nationalization of the Suez Canal by Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Nasser. -
Sputnik
the earth's first artificial satellite was launched however, it came as a shock due to the belief that the US would have done it first. -
Cuban Revolution (Fidel Castro)
The Cuban Revolution happened because the communist leader, was able to gain enough support to overthrow the dictatorial leader of the Cuban government -
Cuban Missile Crisis
was a direct confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. I was the closest they have gotten to nuclear war -
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Chinese Cultural Revolution
goal was to preserve Chinese Communism by purging remaining traditional elements from Chinese society. -
6-Day War
The Six-Day War was a short conflict fought in June 1967 between Israel and the Arab states of Egypt, Syria and Jordan. -
Yom Kippur war (OPEC Oil Embargo)
Hoping to win back territory lost to Israel during the third Arab-Israeli war, Egyptian and Syrian set up a coordinated attack against Israel on Yom Kippur. -
China begins “Socialist Market Economy” reforms (Deng Xiaoping)
The reform was based on the premise of predominance of public ownership and state-owned enterprises within a market economy -
Iranian Revolution
A popular uprising in Iran that successfully brought down the monarchy and was able to lead to the establishment of an Islamic republic. -
9/11 Attacks
Attacks by the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda against the United States on the world trade center -
US invades Iraq (“Enduring Freedom”)
The U.S. was going to war with Iraq because of the imminent threat of Saddam's weapons of mass destruction and ties to terrorism. -
Facebook founded
The official stated purpose of Facebook is to make the world more open and connected. Facebook's latest mission statement is that people use Facebook to stay connected with friends and family, discover what's going on in the world and share and express what matters to them. -
Global “Great Recession” begins
began with the bursting of an 8 trillion dollar housing bubble. The resulting loss of wealth led to sharp cutbacks in consumer spending. -
Wikileaks, “Arab Spring” democracy
Social media helped Tunisia and Egypt spread their message to the West and overthrow their dictators by organizing protests and rallies.
