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Frederick Barbarossa - Born in 1122, died in 1190
Who- Holy Roman Emperor/King of Germany
What- He made Germany a united empire again, was a part of the Crusades. After defeating the Muslims in two battles in Asia Minor, he drowned while crossing a river.
When- Reigned from about 1155 until 1190
Where- Mainly Germany, but had an impact on a lot of Europe as a whole.
Why- He was a famous King and was a part of the Crusades. He made the Rhineland a united place to live, which would have been hard -
during this time as there was much turmoil throughout Europe.
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Crusades- 1096-1291
Who- Christians and Muslims
What- Holy Wars by the Christians against Muslims. There were a total of nine crusades. Originally the Christians wanted to just take Jerusalem from the Muslims, but ended up trying to gain Spain, East Europe, and some islands in the Mediterranean Sea as well.
When- 1096-1291
Where- Europe, Middle East, Iberian Peninsula, Byzantine Empire, and Mediterranean Sea
Why- The Crusades were a huge deal, and definitely have had a big impact on today's -
society. A much larger portion of Europe, and possibly America, would be Muslim.
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Yuan Dynasty- 1271-1368
Who- Dynasty of non-Chinese leaders in China
What- Was a kind of base for the Mongol leaders to make some major changes in the society. The Mongols had a class system with the clan of Genghis Khan at the top. They stole from their conquered lands to use things for their own needs. They basically wanted to have fun, so they liked theatrical entertainment and lots of parties and feasts. During this time, literature and theater set high standards for years to come, paper -
money was widely used for the first time ever by an empire. The population of the empire also increased greatly.
When- 1271-1368
Where- China
Why- The Yuan Dynasty may have been controlled by 'war machines', but they helped the dynasty leave a huge impact on China. The society was impacted in a way that may have seemed harsh in some ways, but was extremely beneficial in others. -
100 Years War- 1337-1453
Who- Kingdoms of England and France
What- War started because the King of France died without a son. Edward III of England thought he had a right to become the French king through his mother. The people of France did not want a foreign king. Philip IV of France thought HE should be king because women can't pass the right to rule to their sons. There were three main wars- the Edwardian War, the Caroline War, and the Lancastrian War. The Black Death also broke out during -
this time, taking many lives of people everywhere.
When- 1337-1453
Where- Europe, mainly France and England
Why- Warfare completely evolved during this time. Nationalism re-awakened during this time for both kingdoms. Europe would not have been a good place to live because of the war and disease. -
Mayan Civilization- 200-1500's
Who- Civilization who lived in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mesoamerica
What- Very advanced group of people with many contributions to the world. They built causeways, and had tools made of limestone and cement. Their cities were huge, and they had intelligent people working to find the concept of zero. The Mayans also had two calendars, as they understood the movement of the sun, moon, stars, and the planets. Mayans believed that they needed to sacrifice people -
in order to keep the gods happy. They mainly sacrificed children, but they sacrificed adults as well.
When- 200-1500's
Where- Yucatan Peninsula of Mesoamerica
Why- They were a very advanced civilization for their time, and were successful in most everything they did until the Spanish came.
