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When James Madison took office it brought high tensions with Britain. The act of Britain aimng Native Americans in the Northwest made Americans mad. Britain continued impressing American sailors which the Americans resented.
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Henry Clay of Kentucky and John C. Calhoun of South Carolina were leaders of the House of Representatives. Both them and their supporters were war hawks. War hawks were people who were eager for war with Britain. Opposition to war was strongest in New England. New Englanders believed war with Britain harmed American tarde.
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In spring, Britian told the Unites States they would continue impressing sailors. Native Americans began fresh attacks on frontier settelements in the Northwest. In June congress declared war for Britain.
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In June Congress delared war with Britain. The war did not come at a good time for Britain. They were still at war with Europe at the time. Britain was not willing to meet the Americans demands to avoid war.
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America tries and demands to avoid war, but Britain does not accept that and does not care. Jeffersons spending cuts weakened American Military strength. Their army was small and had less than seven thousand men and sixteen warships while Great Britain had one hundred thirty five warships.
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Britian sets up a Blockade in the first days of war of the American cost. The British used one hundred thirty five warships. The British were able to block off all ports at the end of war.
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War hawks demanded an invasion of Canada. In July 1812, American troops invaded Canada from Detroit led by General William Hull. Hull was unsure of himslef, fearing he had not enough soilders. So he retreated. General Isaac took advantage of Hulls probelm. His army of Native American warriers and British soilders surrounded Hulls army and forced them to surrender.
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A major sea battle took place during the summer of 1812. Where the USS Constitution defats the British warship Guerrere . In a very fierce Batlle.
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American forces had better luck at the Battle of Lake Erie. A three hour battle took place at Put In-Bay in the western part of the lake. The American flagship on their ship got damaged so commander Oliver Hazard Perry went to another ship and continiued the fight untill victory! Americans were then in control of Lake Erie and forced the British back to Canada leaving Detroit.
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Andrew Jackson took command of American forces in Georgia. Jackson and his army defeated the creeks at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend. Leaving the Native Americans to suffer defeat.
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In the summer of 1814 British forces marched into the city of Washington D.C. Setting several government buildings on fire including the White House.This plan was the new strategy that the British had come up with.
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On the back of an old envelope, Franciss Scott Key wrote a poem called "The Star Spangled Banner." It told of his nights watch. In 1931 it was set to music and Congress soon made it the national anthem.
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A group of federalists met in Hartford, Conneticut to discuss the ongoing War of 1812. Some delegates said the New England states secede or withdraw from the United States. The delegates debated while news from the peace treaty arrived. This convention quickly ended.
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By 1814 Britain was tired of war. Peace talks began in Ghent, Belgium. On Christmas Eve, the two sides sighned the Treaty of Ghent. Which soon ended war.
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The Battle of New Orleans was the final major battle of the War of 1812. The American Army was commanded by General Andrew Jackson. The Americans won a stunning victory over the British at this battle.
