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*persecuted against Jewish people
*much unrest and violence in Russia during his reign
*one-man rule, one religion, and one race were his main goals/policies
*set up his heir Nicholas III for serious failure as Russian people hated the idea of a Czar now
Made the people of Russia hate the idea of a Czar, setting his son up to fail -
*set up for failure
*social unrest
*his people thought he was a bad Czar
*had Russia be in WW1, people hated it, as Russia lacked Industrialization vs Germany
*believed in absolute monarchy, shunned the idea of sharing power, "senseless dream"
*insensitive to Russian people's suffering
*had to create the Duma making his monarchy a constitutional one
*abdicated his throne and went into hiding
He made people hate monarchy even more, causing a revolution and forced abdication of his throne -
*Russia and Japan have been competing for territory in China
*Japan won the war because they were more industrialized Russia was embarrassed with the loss, blaming Nicholas's poor rule, only furthering the people's hate for their Czar -
*Duma was a constitutional monarchy created by pressured Nicholas
*didn't take it seriously/Duma had really no power, this angered the people The establishment of the Duma could have been a glimmer of hope for people wanting more shared power, but Nicholas ignoring that chance angered them even more. -
*January 22, 1905 200,000 workers marched on Czar Nicholas's winter palace to confront him with a list of grievances to demand relief from their working and living conditions
*100 people were killed as the police opened fire because the protestors got too close to the Winter Palace
All the deaths that happened on bloody Sunday only furthered the people's hate for Nicholas. -
*Russian people hated Russia being in WW1 because of its lack of resources (industrialization) compared to its enemy Germany
*Russia suffered immensely because of WW1, yet Czar Nicholas had Russia sill participate Czar Nicholas's choice of keeping Russia involved in WW1 made his people even more angry at him, as many Russian people were dying in a war they obviously couldn't win -
*Rasputin was a peasant man who became a healer and holy man
*although the czarina + Czar believed he was valuable to keep around, nobles didn't want him involved/ influencing the government
*Rasputin was killed by Russian nobles related to the Czarina
*poison, shooting, and then drowning Before he died, he prophesied that the Romanov family wouldn't survive two years, which was true. Czar Nicholas wanted to keep Rasputin around, but his people/advisors didn't, causing more tension for him. -
*as WW1 goes on, Nicholas ignores please for Russia to stop participating from his advisors and people
*serious violence in Petrograd
*local garrisons mutinied
*seeing the severity of the situation, Nicholas abdicated his throne and went into hiding with the rest of his family
No czar made way for the provisional government, and then that caused the communists to overthrow the Provisional government, creating the USSR. -
*Lenin was the revolutionary leader of the Bolshevik party (communist party)
*Lenin spread ideas by distributing secret newspapers throughout Russia to gain support of the Bolshevik (communists)
*Lenin overthrew the Provisional Government and became the leader of the Soviet Union
Lenin was the leader of the USSR, and he was the one who overthrew the provisional government. -
*civil war broke out between the Red Army and the White Army (supporters/opponents of the Revolution)
*White was pro-monarchy/less extreme revolutionaries
*Red was Bolsheviks, lead by Leon Trotsky
*Russia is under complete communist control after Red Army is victorious The Civil war allowed for the Red Army (Bolsheviks) to win and gain control over Russia, using communism. -
*The USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)
*led by Lenin/Communist Party -
*Lenin dies in 1924
*Competition to succeed him between Trotsky and Joseph Stalin
Lenin's death caused tension/competition over who would take his place between Trotsky and Joseph Stalin -
*Stalin manipulated his way onto the top
*becomes a dictator
Stalin's rise to power made him the new leader of the USSR. -
*Stalin's has lingering insecurities about his past opponent Trotsky
*Trotsky is banished from the USSR to Mexico
*Trotsky is later killed (very likely on Stalin's orders)
His exile reveals Stalin's insecurities (a lot about Stalin), and what kind of person he was.