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the birth of the prophet Muhammad born in Bani Hashim Lane in Makka
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Muhamad had a vision that explained to him to spread the word of God
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Muhammad flees mecca this marks the first year of the Muslim calendar
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Muhammad was successful in Yagrib becoming a leader and making it completely Muslim, later He changes his mind and goes against his religion sending 10,00 soldiers to mecca.
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Muhammad dies and is buried at the mask of the prophet in Medina, leaving no instructions on who would be the next heir, Abu was selected to be the next khalif since he was a close friend of Muhammad's.
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Abu dies after ordering an attack on byzantine and certain Persian empires, Umar is next in line to become khalif and successfully conquers Persia and Egypt.
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after the death of Umar, the Muslims were left with confusion not knowing how to select the next Khalif. this led to groups the Sunni and the Shi'a who both had disagreements on who should be khalif
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New of age of Umayyad's dominated over Islam, creating a dynasty of khalifs throughout the years, while the Shi'a despised them.
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A war started between the Sunni and Shi'a due to an assassination of a relative to the prophet.
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The Abbasids were Sunni, and due to their blood ties with Muhammad they gained the support of the Shi'a beginning with their dynasty with Abu al abbas
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Similar to the romans it was extremely difficult for the Abbasids to manage such a large empire. the governors took advantage and most began to separate paying lip service to the khalif.
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Due to the large empire and the Abbasids relying so much on their government, it was what led to their downfall. With no power left in the government the empire was fragmented to Baghdad. This led to the Mongols sacking Baghdad and creating a new non-Arab government.