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The bubonic plague or black death started around 1346 and lasts till around 1353. This plague kills many, many, many, lots, many, a bunch, lots, many, quite a bit of people (like 30-60% of the population). With this plague killing nearly everyone many people thought it 'twas the end of the world #2012. Because no one had enough medical knoledge at the time, no one could really treat or stop the infection from killing or spreading.
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This day marks the begining of the Renissance which lasts from the 14th to the 17th centery (thats a long time). The Renissance brought art, literature, and many other things to the world. Italy started making the big ones (gained lots of wealth) and the church went through a lot of problems. It all starts here. Shall we begin?
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Brunelleschi invents the art style of linear perspective which makes objects that are farther away look smaller. Brunelleschi also was appointed to make the Santa Maria del Fiore (a very famous cathedral). No one at the time knew how to make such a cathedral (this cathedral was special 'cause it was ganna be a dome shape) and he was the only person that could make it work.
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Gutenberg makes the first moveable type which means someone can mass produce words on paper. With this movable type it also increases the literacy rate amung people because type is a lot easier to read than a persons handwriting.
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Ivan III or Ivan the Great trippled the current land of the state of Russia. Renovated the Moscow Kremlin and set foundations of the state. Had the longest reign of any other Russian ruler ever,
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Colombus is off on his adventures to what is later discovered to be the new world. He accidently finds what is later to be know as the Americas. What a famous day, sailing the ocean blue in fourteen-hundred ninety-two.
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Raphael paints the School of Athens. This painting includes many great european scholars. This is one of the most famous paintings in all of the Renissance. This painting premotes humanism because it premotes human ideas.
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Party like its 1999 (even though the book was written in 1513 and the song came out in 1982...). Anyway Machiavelli writes the book and its concidered to be modern philosophy very important book but doesnt get published until 1532 which is 5 years after Machiavelli dies which is kinda sad :'(.
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A book originally written in Latin premoting humanism. The book is about a fictional land were everything is perfect. No war, poverty, or problems. hence the name "Utopia". What do you mean I used the wrong picture?
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Michelangelo gets this great idea to paint on the celing and he does that really well apperently. High Renissance art right here.
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Martin Luther writes the famous 95 theses. This expresses his veiws on christian society at the time and the church dont like it. They say to get rid of the theses and he doesnt. He eventually gains a lot of followers and support and this stirs up a lot of trouble within the church.
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Was the Tsar of Russia from 1547 to 1628 (until he died). Transformed Russia into a multicultural and multiethnic place. Founded Russia's frist Print Yard. Tords the end of his life he underwent some mental sickness that made him go a bit crazy and he ended up killing one of his children because of it.
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Started when Henry II of france declared war upon Charles V to try and take control of Italy.In the end Henry II and Phillip II signed a treaty.
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Revolt of the low contries against the Roman Catholic King Phillip Of Spain. This led up to the formation of the Dutch Republic. This was the first republic made in all of Europe. The southern part of the Neatherlands ended up still being ruled under Spain and the northern half was ruled by Hausburgs.
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Life of Shakespere began in 1564 and ended on 1616 (he actualy died on his birthday). Shakespere contributed greatly to english society by writing many famous plays such as Romeo and Juliet and Hamlet.
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A philospher, mathmotition, and scientist in the scientific revolution. He invented the telescope and is the "Father of Austronomy" and "Father of Modern Science".
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A group of assassinations that were against the Huegonots during the French Religious Wars.
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A famous French Painter who worked in Rome for most of his life. Was a major inspiration for other painters.
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Made by Henry IV of France to give Hueganauts more rights. This edict also containted secret articals dealing with protistent rights and obligations.
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A trading company the Dutch controlled in Asia for more trade (wow). The first multinational company at the time. Biggest trading idustry at the time.
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An english transition of the bible that was approved to be used in english churches across england.
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A series of wars within centeral europe that destroyed lots of stuff. This conflict contained all major powers of europe.This war bankrupted everyone and greatly reducded the population of these great powers.
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French Academy established by Richelieu that contain 40 members of "immortals". People get elected as an "immortal" and hold that position for life until revoked for misconduct. The French Academy has much culture and language involved.
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Frederick William also know as "The Great Elector" (because of all the military and political power he had) was the duke of prussia. He was a calvinist that tried to make the commercial class better.
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The most powerful absolute monarch with the longest time of ruling. He tried to remove fudialism in France.
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1650-1790 The Atlantic economy grew.
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1650-1850 Agricultuer improved greatly over this time creating more food, better food storage, and much much more.
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English, Scottish, and Irish monarchies were all united under Charles II. Everything was restored and new governments were established.
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A society for the study of sciences founded by King Charles II.
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A french polotition who saved France from nearly going bankrupt. He encouraged public works and raised terrifs. He did a lot to help France's economey and eventualy became a minister in France.
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Razin led his army of about 7k men to capture Tsaritsyn. They then go to capture Churney Yar. Churney Yar then help them and turn against their own government.
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The Edict of Nantes gave hueganouts rights to practice religeon freely and now it has been revoked. Religious freedom is practiced by royalty not by the people.
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This event happened when the parlements tried to overthrow King James II of England. William III invades England and gains the english throne.
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The enlightenment period from 1690-1780. The enlightenment focused more on individualism than the traditional ways of thinking. This period is where a bunch of pholophy was made and changed the current ways of thinking.
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A French philospher in the enlightment period. Presented the ideas of freedom of religion, freedom of expression, and seperation of government and religion. Wrote many literary works of plays, poetry, novels and many more. 1694-1778
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More books are being published. 1700-1780
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1700-1790. More slaves are traded in the Atlantic.
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A major battle in Europe that happened after the death of Charles II. Charles II didnt have any kids so they tried to divide up the land and when that didnt work out they went to war over everything.
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Founded by Peter Ze Great, this is what is to become the 2nd largest city in all of Russia. St.petersbourg is the industrial capital of Russia and is a cultural center for Europe.
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The Peace of Utrecht was a series of peace treaties signed after the war of spanish succession. Made a system of balencing power.
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The prussian military grows.
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You have to go to school if your Prussian :D.
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1720-1790 More europeans are having babies.
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1721-1722 The last we see of the pleague before its gone forever.
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Know for his military victories and help in the enlightment in Prussia. He also modernized Prussia by creating new religious policies. Made policies that alowed a non noble to become a judge or bureaucrat.
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Reigned for 40 years. Ruled during the times of the 7 years war and the Austrian suscesion.
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Between in 1750 and 1850 and by the 1840s, as many as one birth in three was occurring outside of wedlock in many large cities
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A 7 year war containg the great powers at the time. The war lasted 7 years and ended with the treaties of Paris and Hubertusburg.
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Had the longest reign for a female ruler of Russia and the time over when she ruled was called the golden age. Helped for the education for woman in Europe.
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The steam engine is invented and will help spark the industrial revolution.
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A high taxation on tea occurs and the Americans dont like that too much so they attack a shipment of tea and dump it into the ocean.
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America revolts against England creating a new country.
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1775-1783 America revolt against Britan for their independace and become their own contry.
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A period of time were everything was advancing and machines were being used instead of manul labor.
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More babies being born yay.
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Provided a policy on freedom of religion. Created many uniform governments over the lands.
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The people storm bastille and equipt themselves for the revolution that is about to happen. VIVA LA VIDA.
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France no longer opperates under fuedalism. yay :D
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The revolution that occured when the peasents were just finally done with the Kinds BS. They armed themselves and fought for a better cause.
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1789-1799. French revolt against king. People want to make changes and they do.
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A period of conflict after the French Revolution where Robespierre exicuted tens of thousands of people for revolting by using the guillotine.
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Louis XVI gets executed by means of the guillotine. This starts the reign of terror and is followed by the execution of his wife Mary Antoinette.
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The economy changes and helps the poor get less poor. Also makes life a little bit easier for the poor. Poor poor.
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Robespierre is executed for his crimes against humanity. He is beheaded as he did to countless of thousands of other people.
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The first small pox vaccine has been done. Is it succsessful? Probably.
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The last part of the French revolution were Napoleon overthrows the governement and takes over France,
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No more slave trade in Britan.
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Metternich acts as the foreign minister for Auestria and gets Austrias stuff together.
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Cotton spinners start going on strike because of all the bad factory conditions.
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France as the Russian Campaign began on 24 June 1812 when Napoleon's Grande Armée crossed the Neman River in an attempt to engage and defeat the Russian army. Napoleon hoped to compel Tsar Alexander I of Russia to cease trading with British merchants through proxies in an effort to pressure the United Kingdom to sue for peace.
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Napoleon's reign is slowly coming to a close as he is defeted and exiled.
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The Holy Alliance was a coalition created by the monarchist great powers of Russia, Austria and Prussia. It was created after the ultimate defeat of Napoleon at the behest of Tsar Alexander I of Russia and signed in Paris in 1815. The intention of the alliance was to restrain republicanism and secularism in Europe.
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Corn laws are high terrifs on corn goods so it could keep the money flowing into Britain.
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a set of reactionary restrictions introduced in the states of the German Confederation by resolution of the Bundesversammlung on 20 September 1819 after a conference held in the spa town of Carlsbad, Bohemia. They banned nationalist fraternities ("Burschenschaften"), removed liberal university professors, and expanded the censorship of the press.
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Prohibited trade unions and collective bargaining by British workers.
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The first important railroad.
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Greece is finally free from those filthy Turkish invaders and can now be their own country again.
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The King of France who spent a lot of time exiled and even got guillotined in the great terror.
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An act of parlament that made great changes to the electoral system in England and Whales.
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The factory act is now in place and kids no longer have to work in factories. Also factory work is a lot safer now.
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Widely as the New Poor Law, the Poor Law was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed by the Whig government of Earl Grey that reformed the country's poverty relief system (excepting Scotland, which reformed its poor law in 1845).
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Zollverein was a coalition of German states formed to manage tariffs and economic policies within their territories.
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A French writer, the most well-known practitioner of the literary school of naturalism. He was a major figure in the political liberalization of France and in the exoneration of the falsely accused and convicted army officer Alfred Dreyfus, which is encapsulated in the renowned newspaper headline J'accuse.
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An act that prohibited boys and women from going into the mines. yay safty.
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A famine that lasted from 1845-1851 that killed 1 milion people and caused a milion more people to emmigrate. The main crop of potatos died off and so did the people who ate it.
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This act restricted the work of kids (13-18) to 10 hours a day. (Should be 0 but whateves)
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A period of time where everyones revolting and fighting for what is right n stuff.
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Urban planning after 1850 was revived and extended and France took the lead during the rule of Napoleon III, who sought to stand above class conflict and promote welfare of all his subjects through government action.
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In the 1850s Russia was an agrarian society, industry was little developed, and almost 90 percent of the population lived on the land
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A framework of a presidential representative democracy, whereby the President of Regional Government is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system.
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Began over a dispute with France over who should protect certain Christian shrines in the Ottoman Empire.
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Human bondage was abolished forever in 1861 and the emancipated peasants received, on average, about half of the land. In 1864, government established a new institution of local government (zemstvo) where members of the local assembly were elected by a three-class system of towns, peasant villages, and noble landowner.
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A conservative Prussian statesman who dominated German and European affairs from the 1860s until 1890. In the 1860s he engineered a series of wars that unified the German states.
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In 1864 Pasteur discovered that heating beer and wine just enough to kill most of the bacteria that caused spoilage prevented these beverages from turning sour. This was achieved by eliminating pathogenic microbes and lowering microbial numbers to prolong the quality of the beverage.
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When the Danish king tried to incorporate Schleswig-Holstein, Prussia joined Austria in a short and successful war against Denmark in 1864. Both agreed to joint administration of the German land.
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The widespread introduction of antiseptic surgical methods followed the publishing of the paper Antiseptic Principle of the Practice of Surgery in 1867 by Joseph Lister, inspired by Louis Pasteur's germ theory of putrefaction.
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Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev codified the rules of chemistry in the periodic law and the periodic table.
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The Bacterial Revolution, beginning in the 1870's, involved the discovery that sub-microscopic organisms were the main cause for disease. Louis Pasteur's germ theory of disease was developed as a result of his observations of the role of microorganisms in the fermentation processes involved in the manufacture of wine, cheese, bread, and beer.
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Bismarck realized that a war with France would drive the south German states into his arms; the pretext was diplomatic involving whether a distant relative of Prussia’s William I (and France’s Napoleon II) might become king of Spain.
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In Paris alone, 155,00 women were registered as prostitutes between 1871 and 1903, and 750,000 others were suspected of prostitution in the same years.
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The military messed up messed up bigtime and the people and peacefully marched up to Sinter Palace in St. Petersburg to present a petition to the tsar.
