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Hugh Capet was elected to fill and takeover the french throne because they thought he was too weak to be a threat. He slowly increased royal power by making the throne hereditary, then they added to their lands by playing rival nobles against each other. But, most importantly they built and effective bureaucracy.
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a type of state that joins the political entity of a state to the cultural entity of a nation, from which it aims to derive its political legitimacy to rule and potentially its status as a sovereign state.
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Philip II became king of france. He granted charters to many new towns and introduced a new national tax. He then quadrupled royal land holdings and gained control of English-ruled lands in Anjou, Normandy, and more.
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King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta and it did 2 important things. 1) forced monarchs to obey the laws and 2) gave nobles rights, that were later extended to all free-men
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Louis IX became king of France. He was a religious man so he persecuted heretics and Jews and led knights in two Crusades, which are war against muslims. 30 years after he died he was labeled a Saint.
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King Edward expanded the Parliament to involve and include lords and clergy and common people.
