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a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent.
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King Johns was forced to sign magna Carta and it forced monarchs to obey the law and gave noble rights. This would later be grown into all free men.
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To keep the Magna Carta active, English rulers mostly looked to the Great Council for advice. The council was than made into the Parliament.
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A great crisis of death came upon Europe, caused by severe weather. One in every three people died, it was worse than any war. The plague caused terror among the people and damage to the economy. The survivors demanded higher payment which caused higher prices, this in turn made the people riot with anger.
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On top of the plague, in between 1337 and 1453, England and France came into fights called the Hundred Years' War. This war was hard to end due to pride and economic fighting.
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a 17-year old woman came upon the uncrowned king named Charles VII and said God had sent her to save France. Charles gave her an army to fight against the English and actually she pushed the army to several wins. Later she was then captured by English allies and burned at the stake by the enemy, falsely convicted of witchcraft. Joan's death angered the French and caused them to create the cannon to use against the English.
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France grew in power in the Hundred Years' War while the English lost some French land. The English came to trading overseas after the loss of land. The slow recovery of the plague, came upon a higher population, manufacturing growth and more trade.
