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Shortages of both food and weapons. Russian civilians suffering at home too.
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Both the Czar and his wife = very unpopular because they were politically incompetent and foolish
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Suffered harsh defeats. Shortages of both food and weapons.
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These losses in WWI made Czar Nicholas II very unpopular.
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Known as the “mad monk”. Wandered around Russia, claiming to have special powers.
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Killed by the Czar’s relatives in 1916 to save the monarchy.
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The Russian Revolution of 1917 involved the collapse of an empire under Tsar Nicholas II and the rise of Marxian socialism under Lenin and his Bolsheviks. It sparked the beginning of a new era in Russia that had effects on countries around the world.
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People organized strikes and protests demanding food and fuel
Soldiers who were sent to stop the protests ended up joining the protestors -
temporary central government in Russia after the Czar stepped down
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Wanted a socialist society in Russia
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Signed peace treaty with Germany in March 1918. Russia lost much of its western territory and 1/3 of its population
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Communists vs. their political opponents. Political opponents = Royalists, Liberal Democrats, Moderate Socialists, Landlords, etc.
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In theory = Soviet Union supposed to be run by the workers
He later die at the age of 54 -
Leon Trotsky = leader of the Red Army during the Civil War
Joseph Stalin = General Secretary of the Communist Party -
Ruled the Soviet Union from 1929 – 1953. Responsible for the next major extension of communist control
