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Czars ruled Russia. Czars limited education, censored books, and created secret police to "sniff out reformers".
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Riots broke out in St. Petersburg and the military refused to listen to Czar and "put down" the uprising.
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Vladimir Lenin was the leader of the Bolsheviks. Lenin divided all farmland among the peasants, made peace with Germany and established a government run by industrial workers.
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The Red Army and the White Army fought against each other. The Red Army were Lenin's supporters and the White Army were Lenin's opponents. 15 million people died and the Red Army won.
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After the Bolsheviks win the Russian Civil War they renamed Russia the USSR, or the Union Soviet Socialist Republics.
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Joseph Stalin was the "party secretary" under Lenin. He used his allies to gain power then ruthlessly turned on them.
