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Kievan Rus' faced its greatest threat from invading Mongols. In 1223 an army from Kievan Rus', together with a force of Turkic Polovtsians, faced a small Mongol raiding party at the Kalka River. The Kievans were defeated soundly. Then, in 1237-38, a much larger Mongol force overran much of Kievan Rus'.
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The development of the Russian state can be traced from Vladimir-Suzdal' through Muscovy to the Russian Empire. Muscovy drew people and wealth to the northeastern periphery of Kievan Rus'; established trade links to the Baltic Sea, the White Sea, and the Caspian Sea and to Siberia; and created a highly centralized and autocratic political system. Muscovite political traditions, therefore, exerted a powerful influence on Russian society.
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Reign of Ivan III (the Great). Declaration of Moscow as "the Third Rome
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OCCUPATION: Prince, Tsar
BIRTH DATE: August 25, 1530
DEATH DATE: March 18, 1584
PLACE OF BIRTH: Kolomenskoye, Duchy of Muscovy, Russia
PLACE OF DEATH: Moscow, Russia -
Russian Smutnoye Vremya, period of political crisis in Russia that followed the demise of the Rurik dynasty (1598) and ended with the establishment of the Romanov dynasty (1613).
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Peter the Great was born in 1672 and he died in 1725. Peter was tsar of Russia from 1682 to 1725. His self-given title was Peter the Great though he was officially Peter I.
Peter the Great is credited with dragging Russia out of the medieval times to such an extent that by his death in 1725, Russia was considered a leading eastern European state. -
The Russian empress Catherine II (1729-1796), known as Catherine the Great, reigned from 1762 to 1796. She expanded the Russian Empire, and excitedly pursued the policy of Westernization.
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Russification Policy Russification was the name given to a law of Alexander III. Russification was designed to take the sting out of those who wanted to reform Russia and to bind all the Russian people around one person – the tsar.
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Russo-Japanese War was a military conflict in which Japan beat Russia and forced Russia to abandon its expansionist policy in the Far East, becoming the first Asian power in modern times to defeat a European power.
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First Russian Revolution which establishes a constitutional monarchy
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By the terms of the treaty, Russia ceded more than 290,000 square miles of land and around a quarter of its population. In addition, the lost territory contained approximately a quarter of the nation's industry and 90% of its coal mines. This area contained the countries of Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and Belarus from which the Germans intended to form client states under the rule of various leaders.
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Bolshevik Revolution; Nicholas II abdicates the throne; establishment of the atheistic Soviet Socialist state with the capital returned to Moscow
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In Apr., 1917, Lenin and other revolutionaries returned to Russia after having been permitted by the German government to cross Germany. The Germans hoped that the Bolsheviks would undermine the Russian war effort. Lenin galvanized the small and theretofore cautious Bolshevik party into action. The courses he advocated were simplified into the powerful slogans "end the war,""all land to the peasants," and "all power to the soviets."
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State Entry Exit Combat Forces Pop. Losses
Rebels 1917 1921 1200000 30000000 1500000
Russia 1917 1921 3600000 135000000 350000 Russian Civil War conflict in which the Red Army successfully defended the newly formed Bolshevik government against various Russian and interventionist anti-Bolshevik armies. -
http://www.utexas.edu/cola/centers/creees/_files/pdf/curriculum/CREEES-developed-units/russian_orthodox.pdf http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/606795/Time-of-Troubles http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/russification.htm http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Kievan_Rus.aspx http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/peter_the_great.htm http://www.russiansabroad.com/russian_history_21.html http://www.onwar.com/aced/data/romeo/russia1918.htm http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Catherine_the_G
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Most of the workers in St. Petersburg and Moscow were striking and rioting for higher food rations. Many of the soldiers refused to suppress the rebels; military insubordination and mutiny spread. Nicholas II ineffectually sought to put down the workers by force. The St. Petersburg rebels took over the capital.
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988 - Kievan prince Vladimir I accepts Eastern Orthodoxy as the official religion of Kievan Rus'
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Kievan Rus, a state located on the lands of modern Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. Its East Slav, Finn, and Balt population lived in territories along the Dnieper, the Western Dvina, the Lovat-Volkhov, and the upper Volga rivers.
