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-509 B.C is considered to be the time mark for the founding of Rome.
-“They called it res publica, or “that which belongs to the people.” This form of government, in which people choose their officials, is today called a republic.” (159)
-Most of the government power was in the senate and they believed that there is no way that one person would hold a lot of power. -
-Lasted 118 years, from 264 BCE to 146 BCE. -In the First Punic War, Rome defeated Carthage and won the islands of Sicily, Corsica, and Sardinia. (pg 163) -During the second Punic War in 218 bce, Hannibal led the Carthaginians and war elephants on a march for 15 years where they traveled across Italy winning many battles. -In the last Punic War, the Roman sent an army to attack Carthage when they were heading into their homeland, where Rome defeated Hannibal and his army.
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-The Roman empire would conquer nearby cities which led to them owning the entire peninsula.
-Once they overtook the peninsula brought them into contact with the Carthaginians. -
-After the death of the Tiberius and Gaius died slaves started an uprising.
-Generals began to start to try and take over Rome.
-Then in 58 BC Julius Caesar came to power. -
Years ruled: 48-44 BC
Two significant events: defeated Pompey, helped employed more people and grant more people citizenship
What was one of his major contributions?
He brought a new calendar based on the Egyptian calendar. -
“The 200-year span that began with Augustus and ended with Marcus Aurelius is known as the period of the Pax Romana…” (167)
Trade flowed through many distant lands, the legion was able to keep everything well protected. -
The Romans had two systems to their law. They created civil laws that would be for citizens. Shortly after a second system of laws called the laws of nations. It applies to everyone ruled by Rome. There are also tons of laws that Americans are familiar with. Any accused person would be considered guilty until proven otherwise. Another is the idea of trial and jury.
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Years ruled: 27 BC- 14 AD
Two significant events: help Rome recover from civil war , allowed people to be hired by their talent not just by social class
What was one of his major contributions?
Reformed government laid foundation for stable government -
Jews started following Jesus while they were having hard times. At the age of 30 he started teaching and gathering followers. His 12 closest followers were called disciples. They were also called apostles which in greek means “ a person sent forth”. Jesus's teachings connected a lot with Jewish tradition but at the same time brought in new beliefs.
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From Roman Art, Architecture, and Drama, Rome left a vast legacy. Rome got there ideas for architecture and art from Greece while their literature was their own thinking. Rome was very fond of sculptures and other realistic art, like portraits in stone to help reveal one's character. Many wealthy Romans had pieces like mosaics or murals to add color into their homes. Along with Rome enjoying art and architecture, Rome also loved to attend theaters and seeing comedies written by Platus.
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-In 312 AD Constantine became the emperor.
-He was the creator of “New Rome” and changed the course of history by accepting Christians and set a new capital.
-In 284 AD Diocletian thought that it would be to challenging to govern such a huge empire so he split it into two parts.
-Maximian ruled over the western and weaker portion. -
Years ruled: 312 A.D
Two significant events: Tolerated Christians, set up new capital
What was one of his major contributions?
Ruled the eastern side of Rome
