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Rome started with three groups that settled in the peninsula
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The people of the Etruscans and Latins decided that they would build Rome 15 miles up the Tiver River from the Tyrrhenian Sea which was good for trade,metal ore, and drinking water. They say Romulus was the first king of Rome.
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With the overthrowing of Tarquinius, a tyrant who was the last king of Rome , the wealthy of the city took control and the established a representative democracy. This was called the "Senate". There were 300 members of the Senate during the fourth century B.C.E.
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Since the law was unwritten people would get it mixed up all the time, so they wrote the Laws of the Twelve Tables and put them to display publicly. This allowed people to check the justice system. This allowed lawyers to enter as a lot of plebians couldn't understand the laws and needed someone to represent them.
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Plebians are working class members of society. They didn't have a say in government but they called for a political reform that gave them the right to have a say in government.
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Rome got together all the other city-states to revolt against the Etruscans. Once they were free the Romans just conquered them.
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Rome and Carthage fought three wars to see who would gain control over Mediterranean trade. Romes victory gave them control of a large empire and the Romans late rebuilt Carthage and sustained a colony there.
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This war marked Romes beginning to intervene other countries. This war resulted in King Phillip of Macedon abandoning his possessions after a Roman victory.
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Romans took advantage of Greek uprising in Macedonia to go into war another time and finally make Macedonia into Roman rule.
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Julius Caesar commanded the building of the Rhine River Bridge within just two weeks while trying to invade Gaul (modern day France). It was a military engineering masterpiece.
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When Julius Caesar took power he didn't let it go after winning a civil war. He was mostly a dictator and later died on 44 B.C This was the end of the Roman Republic. Later on 27 B.C Octavius appoints himself as emperor which means 'Augustus' . He was the first true emperor.
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Stepson of Caesar Augustus titled Emperor after Octavius
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Pax Romana was a period of time and peace in Rome. A period of five emperors which began with the reign of Augustus. It lasted for 207 years. It has been said to be a miracle in Roman times. Many roads were built during this time and this lead "all roads lead to rome" happened.
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The Emperor Nero burns most of Rome while he sits by and watches. Nero also builds a massive private bathing house for his palace.
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This Colosseum was built on Nero's private palace as it was the opposite of it. Nero's palace was a place of leisure for private uses while the Colosseum was for bloodshed for public uses.
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The Roman Empire was holding a front in half of "Britania" , so they built a massive wall that would have forts and watchtowers to hold this front. This all so they can sooner or later capture the other half of Britania.
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The Roman empire was so big that it wasn't possible to govern all the provinces from the central seat in Rome. The emperor Diocletian ended up dividing the empire into two halves, the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire.
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Since the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire were split this allowed Germanic tribes to attack Western Rome, and because everything was against Rome at the time they fell.
