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250 BCE
The Brain
Greek anatomist Erasistratus studied the brain and distinguished between the cerebrum and cerebellum. -
Period: 250 BCE to
Psychology
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750
Treatment
The first psychiatric hospital was built by Muslims in Baghdad -
Literature
English physician Thomas Willis published the anatomical treatise De Anima Brutorum, describing psychology in terms of brain function -
Treatment
French physician Philippe Pinel was appointed to Bicêtre Hospital in south Paris, ordering chains removed from mental patients, and founding Moral Treatment. -
Terms
German physician Johann Christian Reil coined the term "psychiatry". -
Literature
Philippe Pinel published the first description of dementia praecox (schizophrenia). -
People
Sigmund Freud was born in Freiberg, which is now known as the Czech Republic -
The Brain
Russian neurologist Vladimir Bekhterev discovered the role of the hippocampus in memory -
Illnesses
German psychiatrist Alois Alzheimer identified the first case of what later became known as Alzheimer's disease -
People
Swiss-born psychiatrist Adolf Meyer became director of the New York State Psychiatric Institute, influencing American psychiatry with his "common sense" approach which included keeping detailed patient records; he coined the term "mental hygiene". -
Terms
The term "Schizophrenia" was coined by Swiss psychiatrist Paul Eugen Bleuler. -
Organizations
Sigmund Freud founded the International Psychoanalytical Association (IPA), with Carl Jung as the first president, and Otto Rank as the first secretary. -
Organizations
Alfred Adler left Freud's Psychoanalytic Group to form his own school of thought, accusing Freud of overemphasizing sexuality and basing his theory on his own childhood. -
Literature
Sigmund Freud published On Narcissism: An Introduction.[ -
Analysis
Swiss psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach developed the Rorschach Inkblot Test. -
Literature
Sigmund Freud published Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego -
Treatment
Ritalin (Methylphenidate) was synthesized -
Literature
Mary Jane Ward published the novel The Snake Pit, which was filmed in 1948, causing reforms in U.S. state psychiatric hospitals. -
Treatment
The first monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressant iproniazid was discovered. -
Treatment
Fluoxetine (trade name Prozac), the first selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant was released, quickly becoming the most prescribed.