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750 BCE
Sparta military
. 750 BC, Sparta embarked on a steady expansion, first by subduing Amyclae and the other settlements of Laconia, and later, in the First Messenian War, conquering the fertile country of Messenia. By the beginning of the 7th century BC, Sparta was, along with Argos, the dominant power in the Peloponnese -
499 BCE
conflicts
between the Achaemenid Empire of Persia and Greek city-states that started in 499 BC and lasted until 449 BC. -
490 BCE
Battle of Marathon
The Athenians’ feelings are best expressed by Aeschylus, who fought in the Persian wars, in his tragic play The Persians: “On, sons of the Hellenes! Fight for the freedom of your country! Fight for the freedom of your children and of your wives, for the gods of your fathers and for the sepulchers of your ancestors! ”. The Athenians was anticipating reinforcements promised by Sparta. But they knew The Persians, expecting as easy a victory as they had won against enemies before. -
480 BCE
spartans sacrifice
A force of 300 against a legendary army of millions, the Spartans knew that whatever allies they could rally in their march from Laconia to the natural chokepoint of Thermopylae would not be enough. Instead of fighting to win, the Spartans were merely fighting for time. Forbidden by religious obligations to field an army during the festival of the Carneia, the polity would not commit its full fighting force to the battlefield until the celebration was over. -
480 BCE
Battle of salamis
was a navel battle fought between the Greeks and Persians around 480 B.C,the Persians stayed in Athens and burned down the city.Athens had a very advanced and powerful navy and used this to their advantage.The Greeks led the exhausted Persians into the ocean and defeated them,by ramming their well built ships into the Persians ships this Greek and was the major turning point in the Persians wars. -
478 BCE
Delian league
The Delian League, founded in 478 was an association of Greek city-states, members numbering between 150,173, to 330 under the leadership of Athens, whose purpose was to continue fighting the Persian Empire after the Greek victory in the Battle of Plataea at the end of the Second Persian invasion of Greece. -
430 BCE
Peloponnesian wars
was an ancient Greek war fought by the Delian League led by Athens against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. Historians have traditionally divided the war into three phases. In the first phase, the Archidamian War, Sparta launched repeated invasions of Attica, while Athens took advantage of its naval supremacy to raid the coast of the Peloponnese and attempt to suppress signs of unrest in its empire -
371 BCE
Battle of Leuctra
was a battle fought on 6 July 371 BC between the Boeotian led by Thebans and the Spartans along with their allies amidst the post-Corinthian War conflict. The battle took place in the neighborhood of Leuctra, a village in Boeotia in the territory of Thespian. The Theban victory shattered Sparta’s immense influence over the Greek peninsula, which Sparta had gained since its victory in the Peloponnese War.
