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The Jutes, Angles and Saxons came to England from Germany, defeated the English tribes and started their reign. It ended in 1066 with the Norman Conquest What did the Anglo Saxons call Old English? The four main dialectal forms of Old English were Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish, and West Saxon. Mercian and Northumbrian are together referred to as Anglian. -
This period is home to the likes of Chaucer, Thomas Malory, and Robert Henryson. Notable works include "Piers Plowman" and "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight." During the Middle English period, many Old English grammatical features either became simplified or disappeared altogether. Noun, adjective and verb inflections were simplified by the reduction (and eventual elimination) of most grammatical case distinctions. -
In this period England’s population doubled; prices rocketed, rents followed, old social loyalties dissolved, and new industrial, agricultural, and commercial veins were first tapped. Real wages hit an all-time low in the 1620s, and social relations were plunged into a state of fluidity from which the merchant and the ambitious lesser gentleman profited at the expense of the aristocrat and the labourer, as satires and comedies current from the 1590s -
The reign of Elizabeth I began in 1558 and ended with her death in 1603; she was succeeded by the Stuart king James VI of Scotland, who took the title James I of England as well.
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The Jacobean era was the time when James VI was King of England. James I ruled between 1603 and 1625 and the time is called the 'Jacobean' era because Jacobus is the Latin version of the name 'James. ' Jacobean art and culture was heavily influenced by the art and culture of the Elizabethan era.
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The Caroline era refers to the period in English and Scottish history named for the 24-year reign of Charles I (1625–1649). The term is derived from Carolus, the Latin for Charles.[1] The Caroline era followed the Jacobean era, the reign of Charles's father James I & VI (1603–1625), overlapped with the English Civil War (1642–1651), and was followed by the English Interregnum until The Restoration in 1660.
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England was therefore a republic during a period known as the Interregnum ('between reigns'). A series of political experiments followed, as the country's rulers tried to redefine and establish a workable constitution without a monarchy.
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The period is called neoclassical because its writers looked back to the ideals and art forms of classical times, emphasizing even more than their Renaissance predecessors the classical ideals of order and rational control. ... Their respect for the past led them to be conservative both in art and politics. This time period is broken down into three parts: the Restoration period, the Augustan period, and the Age of Johnson. -
The dates for Restoration literature are a matter of convention, and they differ markedly from genre to genre. Thus, the "Restoration" in drama may last until 1700, while in poetry it may last only until 1666 (see 1666 in poetry) and the annus mirabilis; and in prose it might end in 1688, with the increasing tensions over succession and the corresponding rise in journalism and periodicals, or not until 1700, when those periodicals grew more stabilized.
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It was a literary epoch that featured the rapid development of the novel, an explosion in satire, the mutation of drama from political satire into melodrama and an evolution toward poetry of personal exploration. In philosophy, it was an age increasingly dominated by empiricism, while in the writings of political economy, it marked the evolution of mercantilism as a formal philosophy, the development of capitalism and the triumph of trade.
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The Romantic movement in English literature of the early 19th century has its roots in 18thcentury poetry, the Gothic novel and the novel of sensibility. ... Then a feeling for the 'sublime' and uncanny, and an interest in ancient English poetic forms and folk poetry was added.
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The English Romantic period (1785-1832) was a complex movement that expressed dissatisfaction with the current society, explored the human condition, celebrated nature, and greatly encouraged experimentation and creativity in the arts. ... The Romantics “traversed the dark side of existence. -
The period saw the British Empire grow to become the first global industrial power, producing much of the world's coal, iron, steel and textiles. The Victorian era saw revolutionary breakthroughs in the arts and sciences, which shaped the world as we know it today. -
Poets of this time include Robert and Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Christina Rossetti, Alfred Lord Tennyson, and Matthew Arnold, among others. Thomas Carlyle, John Ruskin, and Walter Pater were advancing the essay form at this time. Finally, prose fiction truly found its place under the auspices of Charles Dickens, Charlotte and Emily Bronte, Elizabeth Gaskell, George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans), Anthony Trollope, Thomas Hardy, William Makepeace Thackeray, and Samuel Butler. -
In fiction, some of the most distinguished writers are H. G. Wells, John Galsworthy, Arnold Bennett, Joseph Conrad, E.M. Forster, Kenneth Grahame, Lucy Maud Montgomery, and P. G. Wodehouse. It was a period in which quantities of novels and short stories were published and consumed, and a significant distinction emerged between intellectual literature and popular fiction. Among the most famous works of literary criticism the work of A. C. Bradley entitled Shakespearean Tragedy published in 1904. -
The arts were most vividly displayed in the rise of the Romantic poets, primarily through Samuel Taylor Coleridge,William Wordsworth, PercyBysshe Shelley, WilliamBlake, JohnKeats, Lord Byron, and Robert Burns. His work ushered in a new era of poetry, for a lively and colorful language.
Paintings by Thomas Gainsborough,Sir Joshua Reynolds, andthe young J. M. W. Turner and John Constable illustrated the changing world of the Georgian period, as did designers such as the landscaperCapability Brown. -
Modernism was an artistic movement that for the most part, represented the struggle that many had with the way that new ideas and discoveries challenged their previous lives during a time when tradition didn't seem so important anymore. Modernist writers in general rebelled against clear-cut storytelling and formulaic verse from the 19th century. -
Postmodern literature is a form of literature that is characterized by the use of metafiction, unreliable narration, self-reflexivity, intertextuality, and which often thematizes both historical and political issues. ... These works, however, also further develop the postmodern form.Some notable writers of the period include Samuel Beckett, Joseph Heller, Anthony Burgess, John Fowles, Penelope M. Lively, and Iain Banks. Many postmodern authors wrote during the modern period as well.