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Period: to
Africa
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Period: to
Asia
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Slave Trade made Illegal (Britain 1775-1807)
Slave trade was most significant between Africa and America in the 1700s. Britain saw the slave trade as a business until 1775 when a campaign to abolish slavery grew. It became one of the first big peaceful political movements based on public opinion. British women played a big role in this movement, advocating against human bondage and the horrible conditions of female slaves and families. They also wanted legitimate trade rather than slave trade. In 1807, Britain made the slave trade illegal. -
British East India Company and Agricultural (1800s)
When the British established the British East India Company, they created large plantations looking to expand agricultural production. Early crops were opium to export to China for the Opium Wars. Soon India replaced China for exporting tea. With the need for more agricultural production, and with the mass commercial logging operations, it eventually led to extensive deforestation. -
Rise of Legitimate Trade (West Africa 1807-1860)
After Britain banned slave trade, West Africa slowly started to make a legitimate trade with palm tree cultivation. With Britain pressing for palm tree cultivation, trading between West Africa and Britain grew. Sales of palm oil became prominent in industrialized Europe, with factories using palm oil to lubricate their machines and to make cheap soap. -
Evolution of British Laws (1800s)
The British cooperated with local princely allies, introducing simpler private property laws and enhancing the powers of local princes and religious leaders. As a way to assert their authority, they disarmed the local armies. The British had outlawed slavery, suppressed banditry, and induced new laws. These laws were the legal protection of widow remarriage, banning infanticide, and outlawing sati(widow suicide). -
Heart of Darkness (1899)
'Heart of Darkness' (1899) is a book by Joseph Conrad about the voyage up the Congo River into the Congo Free State. In the book, he describes the horrors of Leopold's imperialist rule, being anti-colonial and anti-imperial and saying imperialism is "robbery with violence." 'Heart of Darkness' spread awareness about the abuse the Congo Free State was going through because of Leopold, where in 1908, the Belgian Government took back the Congo Free State from him. -
Colonialism’s Impact (after 1900)
The 2 principal colonial powers, the French and the British had the political goal of establishing a “good government," in other words, law and order. Many African leaders and their people decided to give in to the invaders’ force while others stopped fighting, turning to other less violent ways to resist colonial rule. In a way, the goal of law and order was mostly reached. -
Unemployment & Employment (1900s)
Despite economic expansion, production of textiles in India suffered, leaving millions of Indian hand-spinners and
hand-weavers unemployed. India hadn't been industrialized as they brought things from Britain until 1900, when small steps were taken to industrialized India. By 1914, millions of Indians worked in factories. -
The Scramble for Africa (1880–1914)
Britain, France, Germany, Belgium, Spain, and
Italy rushed to get Africa under their possession, King Leopold II saying they were worried they wouldn't get “a piece of that magnificent African cake." In 1880, Europeans only controlled about 20% of Africa. By 1914, they controlled over 90%. The only countries maintaining independence were Ethiopia and Liberia.