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The fall of the Roman Empire. Rome had ruled much of Europe. Now much of the land would fall into confusion as local kings and rulers tried to grab power.
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was the first king of the Franks to unite all of the Frankish tribes under one ruler, changing the form of leadership from a group of royal chieftains to rule by a single king and ensuring that the kingship was passed down to his heirs.
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Mohammed was born on c. 570 CE in the Mecca, Hejaz, Arabia.
he is the prophet of the Islam. -
The Franks defeat the Muslims turning back Islam from Europe, The location of the battle was close to the border between the Frankish realm and then independent Aquitaine.
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was King of the Franks. He united a large part of Europe during the early Middle Ages and laid the foundations for modern France, Germany and the Low Countries. He took the Frankish throne in 768 and became King of Italy in 774.
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Vikings from the Scandinavian lands (Denmark, Norway, and Sweden) begin to invade northern Europe. They would continue until 1042.
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Alfred The Great was the king of England, and he turns back to the vikings invaders.
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Known as William the Bastard and William the Conquerer by his enemies, Duke William of Normandy had inherited power on his father's death.
a French Duke, conquers England in the Battle of Hastings. He became King of England and changed the country forever. -
was the first of a number of crusades that attempted to capture the Holy Land, called by Pope Urban II in 1095. It started as a widespread pilgrimage in western Christendom and ended as a military expedition by Roman Catholic Europe. The Crusades were wars between the Holy Roman Empire and the Muslims over the Holy Land. There would be several Crusades over the next 200 years.
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was King of England from 6 July 1189 until his death. He also ruled as Duke of Normandy, Aquitaine and Gascony, Lord of Cyprus, Count of Poitiers, Anjou, Maine, and Nantes, and Overlord of Brittany at various times during the same period.
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the mongol empire was founded by Gangis Khan, existed during the 13th and 14th centuries and was the largest contiguous land empire in history.
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is a charter agreed to by King John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215, This document gave the people some rights and said the king was not above the law.
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Marco Polo leaves on his famous journey to explore Asia, was a Venetian merchant traveller,whose travels are recorded in Livres des merveilles du monde (Book of the Marvels of the World, also known as The Travels of Marco Polo, c. 1300), a book that introduced Europeans to Central Asia and China.
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The Hundred Years' War is the modern term for a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Plantagenet, rulers of the Kingdom of England, against the House of Valois, rulers of the Kingdom of France, for control of the Kingdom of France.
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The Black Death arrived in Europe by sea in October 1347 when 12 Genoese trading ships docked at the Sicilian port of Messina after a long journey through the Black Sea, This horrible disease would kill around half of the people in Europe.
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Martyr, saint and military leader Joan of Arc, acting under divine guidance, led the French army to victory over the English during the Hundred Years' War
