-
Foreign Miners Tax
In 1850, the FOreign Miners Tax to keep Mexicans and other Latin AMericans out of gold fields caused protest from the San Francisco Mexican consul. -
1890-1920's Mexico Lindo Nationalism
-
Mexicans In The Workplace
Mexican workers had experienced different forms of abuse in the workplace. They organized unions to defend their interests but also defended informally by walks out, stoppages, sabatoge, and personal violence. -
1910 Self protection in the courts
-
Initiation of Mexican Revolution
-
Legacy of Mexican Revolution
-Revolution was important because it made refugees out of mexicans from all walks of life.
-Mexican Americans the antipathy generated during this era provides an important part of the foundation for a civil rights movement. -
Revolution Leaders
-President Porfirio Díaz was challenged by Francisco Madero, a reformist writer and politician. When Díaz refused to allow clean elections, Madero's calls for revolution were answered by Emiliano Zapata in the south and Pascual Orozco and Pancho Villa in the north.
-Francisco Madero was assassinated by Victoriano Huerta Feburary 2, 1910. -
Battle within Mexico
Between 1911-1914 Alvaro Obregon's captured Guadalajara to reach Mexico City. While Zapata had been raiding heciendas and small villages since 1913. -
Agricultural Recession
-It put thousands of Mexicans out of work in the Southwest.
-Through 1914 and early 1915 agricultural depression in Texas, reduced the desirability of immigration and added to the resentment of the Mexican presence. -
1917 Immigration Act
-Demanded literacy from immigrants and an eight-dollar tax head, ferrying them across the Rio Grande illeglly became a lucrative trade. -
Francisco Chapa
Francisco Chapa was the most influential advocate of the initial Mexican American Generation. He was the publisher of El Imparcial de Texas and used his newspaper to promote electoral activism. -
Asssociation for Rights of Americans in Mexico
-an organization controlled in part by Senator Bacon Fall, listed 317 Americans killed in Mexico between 1910 and 1919.
-the organtization was made up of American expatriates in Mexico, obtained the information from the Department of State and provided a "murder map" showing where Americans had been killed. -
Venustiano Carranza Speech
-
The OSA and Pan American Round Table
The Order of Sons of America was created by Luis Saenz, a teacher and a World War I veteran. The members were mainly U.S. born and they encouraged naturalization and participation in U.S, institiutions.
The Pan American Round Table was dedicated to promoting a positive image of Hispanic Americans. It also promoted fighting against "anti-Latin American" attitude. -
Imiigration Law
-
LULAC
League of United Latin American Citizens was founded in Texas 1929. This group formed to organize against discrimination and segregation. -
Increased Mexican Population
-
School Desegregation Efforts (1940s-1950s)
In the 1930s, the Bliss Bill was designed to segregate Mexicans using the "seperate-but-equal" foundation. This was defeated by the California legislature but school boards maintained segregation through a different form. LULAC sponsered attorneys for the Westminster v. Mendez case and argued that segregation violated the Mexican children's constitutional rights. In February 18, 1946, Judge McCormick ruled in favor of Mendez. -
1960's El Movimiento
-
Walkouts
High school students walked out of classrooms and protested against unequal treatment. The goals were to recieve better quality of their education, more latino teachers and administrators, and classes that included Mexican American History.
