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Period: to
Events
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Nationalism
-Feelings of pride and loyalty
-Henry Clay was a strong supporter
-Clay developed the American System, a series of measures that intended to make the U.S. economically self-sufficient -
Era of Good Feelings
-From 1815 to 1825
-Era of peace, pride, and progress
-Saying came from a Boaton editor in 1817
-Was an emphasis on national unity -
Sectionalism
-Disagreements between the different regions
-One such disagreement was whether or not Missouri would be a slave state or free state
-This led to the Missouri Compromise -
Adams-Onis Treaty
-Settled all the border disputes between Spain and the US
-Signed in 1819
-The U.S. gave up Texas, Spain gave up Florida
-U.S. gsve 5 million dollars of U.S. citizen claims to Spain
-Andrew Jackson convinced Spain and America to make the treaty -
McCulloch vs Maryland
-Maryland limited the Bank's operations off a tax
-James MCColloch, a cashier of the Bank's branch in Maryland, refused to pay the tax
-The State took him to court
-The court ruled the national bank was constitutional -
Missouri Compromise
-Settled the conflict that arose from Missouri's statehood
-Missouri would be a slave state
-In contrast, Maine would be added as a free state to keep balance between slave and free states
-Slavery was prohibted in the North -
Santa Fe Trail
-Led from Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico
-Led through mountains and deserts
-High profits led the traders to take the trail
-U.S. government sent troops to make Natives were not a threat -
Nullification Crisis
-Conflict between the supporters and opponents of nullification deepened
-The dispute became known as The Nullification Crisis
-This was caused because of Calhoun's theory
-John C. Calhoun resigned from Vice Presidency
-Martin Van Buren replaced him on Andrew Jackson's 2nd term -
Monroe Doctrine
-By the early 1820's, most Spanish colonies in America declared independence
-Simon Bolivar led many of the struggles of independence
-Mexico broke free of Spain in 1821
-President James Monroe became worried because he feared that other European powers might try to take new Latin-American countries
-Russia wants some of the Northwest Americas
-James Monroe and Vice President John Adams wrote the Monroe Doctrine warning Europeans not to interfere with the Americas -
Bureau of Indian Affairs
-Manged Indian removal to west
-Congress approved the creation of a new government agency
-Choctaw Indians were the first to move
-Many Indians died when they were moved -
States' RIghts Doctrine
-Stated that since states had formed a national government, state power should be greater than the federal goverment
-Vice President John C. Calhoun advanced this off of his "South Carolina Exposition and Protest" -
Tariff of Abominations
-Congress placed high tariffs on imports before Jackson became president
-Southers called it the Tariff of Abominations in anger
-John Quincy Adams signed this even though he did not fully support it
-The signing of the bill caused Adams not to win the re-election -
Jacksonian Democracy
-In the 1820's and 1830's
-Period of expanded democracy
-Political parties began holding public nominating conventions -
Spoils System
-Practice of giving government jobs to political backers
-President Jackson did this to his supporters
-Martin Van Buren was Secretary of State
-Jackson relied on his "Kitchen Cabinet", or advisors -
Indian Removal Act
-In 1830
-Ordered Natives east of the Mississippi River to move West -
Indian Territory
-Current day Oklahoma
-Supporters, such as John C. Calhoun, said the territory would protect Indians from further conflicts with Americans -
Whig Party
-Favored the idea of weak presidents and a strong Congress
-They could not agree on a presidential nominee
-Whigs nomiated 4 men to run against Van Buren
-Jackson backed Van Buren, and Van Buren won
-In 1837, there was an economic depression
-In 1849, the Whigs backed William Henry HArrison
-Harrison won the election and for the first time the Whigs won presidency -
Oregon Trail
-2000 miles long
-Settlers followed it to go west
-Followed Platte and Sweetwater rivers
-The travel lasted 6 months
-It cost 600 dollars to travels and the average worker mafe $1.50 a day
-Wagons were pulled by oxen
-5000 settlers were in Willamette Valley in 1845 -
Alamo
-An abandoned mission near San Antonio that became an important battle site in the Texas Revolution
-Rebels hoped to stall Mexicans
-All of our defenders were killed -
Trail of Tears
-Cherokee Indians wer moved to Indian territory
-Some escaped in hid in North Carolina
-Georgia took business, farms, and property from the Cherokee
-The march was 800 miles and was known as the Trail of Tears
-Almost 1/4 of the 1800 Cherokee died -
Manifest Destiny
-Means "obvious fate"
-Settled land all the way to the Pacific Ocean in oreder to spread Democracy
-Coined by John O'Sullivan in 1845 -
Donner Party
-A group of western travelers who went to California but were stranded in the Sierra Nevada Mountains during winter
-They tried to find a shortcut
-They were trapped by snow and were starving
-When rescue teams found them, almost half were dead -
California Gold Rush
-Americans wanted to move to California
-To get there they took the Oregon trail and spilt at Idaho
-They tried to cross before the season's first snow
-California became a trade center -
Treaty of Guadalupe
-Signed in Feburary 1848 by Mexico and the U.S
-Offically ended the war
-Forced Mexico to turn over much of its northern territory to the U.S.
-We got California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and parts of Colorado and Wyoming -
Forty-Niners
-Gold-seeking migrants to California
-Braved long dangerous trips to get to California
-Many people flooded to California to get gold in California
-San Fransico was a port-town
-Population tripled in 2 years -
Gadsden Purchase
-U.S. government paid Mexico 10 million dollars
-In exchange, the U.S. recieved the southern parts of what are now Arizona and New Mexico
-This purchase finalized the boundary between U.S. and Mexico
