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When the Germans invaded Western Rome they brought many changes to the language, government, and culture
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The decline of the Western Roman Empire caused a loss of common language which affected trade because people couldn't understand each other. Also, there was a decline in learning.
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Clovis was losing a battle so he turned to the Christian God for help, when he went back in the battle it shifted and the Franks won. Franks were united as one kingdom,France.
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Won by Charles the Hammer (Charles Martel). The battle stopped Muslim invasions in Spain.
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Normans brought along many different changes like in government.
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This is the Battle where Harold Godwinson fought William the duke of Normandy for the throne of England. Harold was killed and the Normans won the battle.
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Lay investiture was a ceremony in which kings and nobles appointed church officals. The person who controlled lay investiture wielded the power in naming bishops
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The Purpose of the Crusade was to recover Jerusalem and the holy lands from the Islamic Empires
Crusades -
It ended because Jerusalem,the holy city, was captured by the crusades
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The battle of Leganno was fought between the Holy Roman empire and the Lombard League because Frederick didn't focus on building royal power in Germany but, he invaded rich cities in Italy.
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In this crusade Constantinople was taken by the crusades
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John the Softsword was a terrible military leader and lost Normandy and all his lands in northern France, he was very mean and always tried to takeadvantage of people he raised taxes to pay for his wars. His nobles forced him to sign the Magna Carta which guaranteed certain basic political rights.
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Edward I need to raise taxes for the war against the French so he brought two burgesses from every borough and 2 knights from every countryto serve as parliament
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The king of England claimed to be the ruler of France too.
100 Years war -
Began in Asia and finallt reached Europe and affected many people and caused a major decline in Europe's population
Black death -
There were two popes Pope Urban VI and Clement VII that diagreed on everything and didn't believe that the other was a true pope, this caused a split in the church known as the Great Schism. Which was ended by the council selecting Martin V as new pope
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Joan of Arc was one of the people who inspired the French to continue in the war and eventually win. Joan of Arc's voice told her it was the right thing to do
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Charlemagne wanted to expand the empire and Christianity and he reunited Western Roman Empire and soo became the most powerful king in Western Europe.
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Charlemagne's only son inherits the crown,Louis the Pious, Louis was not a very strong ruler. Louis left the throne to all 3 of his sons, who fought a lot and ended up spliting the land. Without a strong leadership the empire weakened.
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The Vikings raided,traded,explored, and settled in many parts of Europe.
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Barbarian kings that wanted to be more civilized became Roman Catolics.
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