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In 1913 Tatlin and Malevitch created an independant form of Russian Avant-Garde art.
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At the begining of World War 1, many Russian artists who had been working abroad,such as Kandinsky and Chagal, rushed back to Russia to "wait out" the war.
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The February uprising (named because of the Russian's use of the Julian calender). Tzar Nicholas II is forced to resign following the Russian uprisings. He abdicates the thrown to his brother, who declines, thus putting an end to the czarist autocracy.
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The October Revoution (Julian calender dates: October 24/25) Lenin leads the Bolshevik party in a violent and victorious coup d'etat against the provisional government. The Bolsheviks come into power with Lenin as their leader.
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CHEKA, a secret police force, comissioned by Lenin to defend the Revolution through imposing and surveying censorship. The preceeding month, the Bolsheviks had nationalized publishing industry in order to survey and censor the news.
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The Bolsheviks (the Red Army) fight a civil war against the anti-Bolshevik White Army for political control of Russia. The Red Army defeats the White army in 1920.
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Under Lenin, the Bolsheviks introduce the New Economic Policy (a more capitalist reared economic policy). After the Russian Revolution and the Civil War, the N.E.P. was deemed necessary to help rescue Russia's economy so that a communist economy could later be imposed.
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The Bolsheviks establish the Soviet Union with Lenin at its head.
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Left incompassitated after a stroke in 1923, Lenin died in 1924 at the age of 53. He had wished for Stalin and Troksy to split power of the Soviet Union.
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Trotsky is expelled from the Bolshevik Party. Stalin comes to power as the official leader of the Soviet Union.
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1928-1932 Based on Stalin's notion of "Socialism in one country", the plan comprised of various economic goals; Stalin wanted to increase industrialization, promote collective farming, and transfer all private farm land into the hands of the Soviet leadership.
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1932-1933
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The Central Commiittee of the Communist Party centralized control over the nation's artistic production by issuing a decree requiring artists to join the "Union of Soviet Artists."The accepted means of expression were restricted to the representation of painting and sculpture that was realist in style adn Socialist in content.
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1933-1937
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It stated that the Soviet artists shoud offer a truthful and historically concrete representation of reality in its revolutionary development. It was approved by Stalin and became state policy in 1934. Socialist realism was suppose to depict some aspect of man's struggle toward socialist progress for a better life. It stressed teh need for the creative artist to serve teh proletariat by being realistic, optimistic, and heroic.
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1934-1939 The purges were led by Stalin, they were a campaign of political repression. Communist party and government officials were targeted and executed, as well as those (intellectuals, artists, ect) who were deemed threats to the state. There were arbitary executions, large scale arrests, and peasents and officers of the Red army were repressed.
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Began 1938 but interrupted by World War II in 1941.
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Stalin dies of a heart attack.
