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This led to disruption of trade, downfall of cities, population shift, decline of learning. and the loss of common language.
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German forces invaded what had been the Western Roman Empire. Germans brought many changes to langueage, government, and culture
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Franks were united into one kingdom- modern day France
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Expanded the authority of the papacy. He also brought the church into politics.
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Began the reign of Franksish rulers. He was called Peping "King by grace of God". Son of Charles the Hammer.
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It was the Noman army vs, English army. william the conqueror was in the Noman army when they won he declared English.
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It was the legislature of the kingdom of England. William of Normandy introduced a feudal system.
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Asked Pope Urban ll to help defend his empire during the crusades.
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Muslims waged a war on the Crusader States becuase they wanted to gain control over their land.
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The foot soldiers of the Lombard League faced Fredrick's army of mounted knights. This was an astonishing victory, the soldiers used crossbows to defeat the feudal knights for the first time in history,
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This document, drawn up by English nobles and reluctantly approved bt King John, guarenteed certain basic political rights.
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Geoffery Chaucer wrote this tale using the vernacular language of Italian.
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Was the split between the Eastern and Western Christian Churches.
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She brought Charles Vll to the throne.
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Lay investiture was a ceremony in which kings and nobles appointed church officials. He banned this becuase church reformers felt that the bishops shouldn't be under any power of the king.
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he was crowned because the church sought to influence both political and spiritual matters
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Extended the Frankish kingdom which also spread Catholicism. He stopped Muslim invasion into Spain.
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Louis the Pious, Charlemagne's only son, inherits the throne who is not a stong leader. Louis left the empire to all three of his sons, who fought and eventually split the land. Without central authority or strong leadership the empire weakened.
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