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The Printing Press, created by Gutenberg, was a machine that transfers text and images into paper. This led to rising literacy rate, and lead to the spread of Lutheraniasm and 95 thesis -
The Caravel, was a type of ship used by Spain in the 1500s, was versatile, could last an extremely long time, and they were small with lateen sails. This promoted exploration, and also had a massive technological influence and during this time period many more inventions were made including two other ships. -
The Spanish Inquisition was the torture in Spain, if there were heresies you would be hung and later killed. This led to thousands of Muslims, Protestants, and Jews were all executed from Spain. -
At the time, Portrugal was trying to find a sea route to the East Indies spices, and Dias went farther than others as he rounded the cape. This accomplishment led to an establishment of sea trade routes in India, that were with Portrugal's side. -
Christopher Columbus finished his journey around the Atlantic Ocean, landed in the New World, while looking for a a Western Passage. Once Columbus got back and told Spain, they gathered many resources that would benefit Spain and make them extremely powerful. -
This was the treaty passed that divided the new World up, between the Spanish and the Portuguese. This was not a cause for major conflict, but granted much vast power to the two countries, leading to the line of demarcation. -
John Cabot was an Italian explorer sailing under England that found the coast of North America, and helped England gain knowledge on the coast part. This was significant towards England accomplishments because not much of North America was found really ever since Christopher Columbus. -
Vasco da Gama had a goal to produce a new trade route connecting Europe and India's sail routes. This granted much power towards Portrugal and helped them establish a monopoly. -
Pedro Cabal, part of Portugal, was trying to sail with his 13 other ships far west into the Atlantic Ocean, to see if there was any open land, and found Brazil on accident. Portugal took Brazil as a big part for their country with much power, and a vast addition of land that Portugal could use to their advantage against enemies. -
The Mona Lisa, regarded as an all time painting, created by Leonardo da Vinci, showing extreme detail and composition. This painting inspired many others, and changed their point of view on Da Vinci as many thought he was extremely intelligent. -
Balboa at this time, was so deeply in love with finding gold, and so he led an expedition towards the Pacific Ocean, claiming all land, and shores for his fellow Spainards and the rest of Spain. Spain was able to use this land to their advantage, setting up outposts and using to their best, so other countries could not attack from both sides. -
The 95 Thesis is when Martin Luther nailed down 95 complaints on the church in Wittenberg, Germany, on how indulgences were terrible. This led to an effect on Europe as they had started to move away from wars and religious persecution. and execution. -
Magellan set sail from Spain with a fleet of five ships to find a westward route to the Spice Islands, and his significant exploration provided evidence showing that at the time the Earth was round. This was big accomplishment in the 1500s, and. helped advance navigation, and many global trade routes. -
This was the Church of England, and they were Anglicanism under Henry VIII, and a tradition of the Protestant Reformation in the 1600s. The religion had left a significant impact of lots of medical studies, and education. -
King Henry VIII wanted to divorce his wife, but the pope had refused a divorce against Catherine of Aragon, so he secretly married Anne Boleyn and was excommunicated. from the Church. There was religious crises in Europe between Protestants and Catholics, after this tragedy. -
The Act of Supremacy defined Henry VIII as the head of the Church of England, passed by Parliament. This led to Christian links between the country of Rome and England at the time. -
The Council of Trent was a group of members that defined Catholic doctrine, and said that faith was needed for Salvation. The pope ended up being punished, and. there were many changes in the Catholic Church
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Phillip II was the King of Spain, who put together the Spanish Armada in 1588, that ended up losing to England due to high winds. Under Phillip Spain experienced the most power in the world ever for them, and found massive wealth.
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The archbishop of Canterbury was burned at stake, due to heresy and accused of treason and was burned by "Bloody Mary", when he refused. to take back his beliefs on Anglicanism. Mary gained lots of power, and many also said that Anglicanism is. fake and it is made up, immediately converting. -
When Elizabeth I arrived, she restored England to Protestantism with help from Parliament. This led to na ally with the Dutch, but it was against Spain making them an enemy against an extremely powerful country. -
These Civil Wars were conflicts between protestants and catholics, and much religious tension was caused throughout these wars. It all ended in 1598 due to the Edict of Nantes. Two to four million people died from it, a deadly occurance that could have killed even more.
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This massacre took place in France, and the event was triggered by Henry of Navarre, and neigbors killed each other for 3 days straight as most were found dead. This left a significant impact on religous wars in France as thousands of protestants died.
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Henry of Navarre, became Henry IV when he ruled as king of France, and he was the first monarch of France, who created the Edict of Nantes. Henry was lucky enough to barely escape the St Bartholomew's Day Massacre, and France was clean as a country as religion there was.
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The Edict of Nantes was created by King Henry IV, and it granted religious freedom to all protestants, including Huegenots. It led to an end of all France's religious wars solving all France's religious conflicts.
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This was a company granted a 21 year monopoly, traded with other countries, and they were so sucessfull because they didn't convert their buyers into their religion, unlike other countries, cashing huge profits. This led to the expansion of European countries and opened up new places for trading with other countries and buyers -
There were 2 bishops wars at this time, and this was a battle that an army of Scottish Invaders won and defeated Charles I English army, and ended up capturing Newcastle. This forced the King to convene Parliament and made him sacrifice, changing the ways that the government works.
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Louis XIV, was crowned King of France at just five years old, and Louis XIV constructed versaillies, his palace that was so massive all kings and famous leaders came here. Louis ended up revoking the Edict of Nantes, because he thought they recanted their religious beliefs.
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After the English Civil War, which resulted in the execution of King Charles I in 1649, England became a republic known as the Commonwealth of England. The commonwealth ended up restoring monarchy under Charles I, marking an important history mark.
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The Glorious revoloution established Parliament as the permanent ruling power of England. This led to many disagreeing and many agreeing, but it marks a significant change in the course of monarchy and parliament.
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The Bill of rights gave much power to parliament, in this case there became freedom of speech, frequent parliaments, free elections, and it created certain civil rights for England.It limited the monarchy, so the king could not rule over everyone, instead Parliament was there, and William and Mary took the throne.