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James Watt
James Watt was a Scottish inventor, mechanical engineer, and chemist who improved on Thomas Newcomen's 1712 Newcomen steam engine with his Watt steam engine. Before he made important changes to the design, increasing efficiency and making steam engines cheaper to run ,Steam engines where only used for pumping water out of mines. He died on August 25, 1819, in Heathfield Hall. -
Thomas Malthus
Thomas Robert Malthus was an English cleric and scholar, influential in the fields of political economy and demography. Known for his theory that population growth will always tend to outrun the food supply and that betterment of humankind is impossible without strict limits on reproduction. He died on December 23, 1834, in Bath, United Kingdom. -
Robert Owen
Robert Owen, a Welsh textile manufacturer, philanthropic social reformer, and one founder of utopian socialism and the cooperative movement. He is best known for efforts to improve working conditions for his factory workers and his promotion of experimental socialistic communities. He died on November 17, 1858, in Newtown, United Kingdom. -
Cotton Gin
A cotton gin –(cotton engine) is a machine that quickly and easily separates cotton fibers from their seeds, enabling much greater productivity than manual cotton separation. It was an important invention because it dramatically reduced the amount of time it took to separate cotton seeds from cotton fiber. While it was true that the cotton gin reduced the labor of removing seeds, it did not reduce the need for slaves to grow and pick the cotton. -
Communism
A political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs. The goal of communism is to create a stateless, classless society. The beliefs of communism, most famously expressed by Karl Marx, center on the idea that inequality and suffering result from capitalism. -
Charles Darwin
Charles Robert Darwin was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution. Charles Darwin is centrally important in the development of scientific and humanist ideas because he first made people aware of their place in the evolutionary process when the most powerful and intelligent form of life discovered how humanity had evolved. He died on April 19, 1882,in Home of Charles Darwin - Down House, Downe, United Kingdom. -
Alfred Nobel
Alfred Bernhard Nobel was a Swedish businessman, chemist, engineer, inventor, and philanthropist. He is important because of his invention dynamite it changed the way miners did things because now they could just blow things up but people also thought about it as a weapon . He died on December 10, 1896,in Sanremo, Italy. -
Socialism
A political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole. The Communist Manifesto was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in 1848 just before the Revolutions of 1848 swept Europe, expressing what they termed scientific socialism. Refers to any system in which the production and distribution of goods and services is a shared responsibility of a group of people -
Germ theory
The germ theory of disease is the currently accepted scientific theory for many diseases. It states that microorganisms known as pathogens or germs can lead to disease. These small organisms, too small to see without magnification, invade humans, other animals, and other living hosts. It was the laboratory researches of Louis Pasteur in the 1860s and then Robert Koch in the following decades that provided the scientific proof for germ theory. -
Social Darwinism
Social Darwinism is any of various theories of society which emerged in the United Kingdom, North America, and Western Europe in the 1870s, claiming to apply biological concepts of natural selection and survival of the fittest to sociology and politics. The Englishman most associated with early social Darwinism, Herbert Spencer. The belief that humans, like animals and plants, struggle for existence in a competition that results in survival of the fittest. -
Social Gospel
Christian faith practiced as a call not just to personal conversion but to social reform. Religious social-reform movement prominent in the United States. The Social Gospel movement emerged among Protestant Christians to improve the economic, moral and social conditions of the urban working class. -
Automobile
Motorized vehicle consisting of four wheels and powered by an internal engine. Automobiles are used to transport people and items from one location to another location. The first real inventor f an automobile was Karl Benz. -
Airplane
A powered flying vehicle with fixed wings and a weight greater than that of the air it displaces. Airplanes are important because they are capable of transporting parcels as well as people to the other side of the world in less than a day. They made it so travel didn't take as long as it did. -
Assembly line
A manufacturing process in which parts are added as the semi-finished assembly moves from workstation to workstation where the parts are added in sequence until the final assembly is produced. Assembly lines made clothes faster so that it would take less material and would save money. Henry Ford was the first man to invent the assemble line. -
Social Democracy
A socialist system of government achieved by democratic means.The rose symbol became popular as a political logo among socialist and social democratic political parties in post-World War II Western Europe. The symbol of a rose in a fist is used by the Socialist International and many of its member parties.
