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Period: 499 BCE to 449 BCE
The Persian Wars
The Persian wars started because the Persian empire wanted to conquer Greece. In the battle of Marathon, the Greeks won using a fighting formation called Phalanx Form. In the Battle of Thermopylae the Persians won because they had more soldiers. In the Battle of Salamis, the Greeks won because they sunk the Persians boats. The Greeks ended up winning the Persian wars which caused Athens being in charge of the Delian league, which led to their wealthy and powerful golden age. -
Period: 479 BCE to 431 BCE
Athens Golden Age
After the Persian wars, the city of Athens became very wealthy and powerful as the leader of the Delian league. This is significant because their growing power causes tension between other city-states, therefore leading to the Peloponnesian Wars. -
Period: 431 BCE to 404 BCE
Peloponnesian War
The Peloponnesian wars started after the golden age because Athens became too powerful as the leader of the Delian league. The Peloponnesian War was fought with the Delian League against the Peloponnesian league. Athens was then hit with a plague where 1/3 of their population dies, and The Peloponnesian League (Sparta) won the war. The Peloponnesian wars caused both League's to weaken making it easy for Alexander the Great to conquer them. -
Period: 336 BCE to 323 BCE
The rule of Alexander the Great
After The Peloponnesian wars both Athens, and Sparta was left weak so Phillip the II (Alexander the Great's Father) conquered them. Alexander the Great took over and he conquers Greece, Anatolia, Egypt, Persia, and India. Alexander Died of malaria on his trek back after conquering India, But he is still known as one of the greatest military leaders.