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The British East India was the richest and most powerful trading company in India. Controlled most of India.
British considered India the brightest "jewel in the crown" -
Started when Chinese tried to stop the smuggling of opium. British were easily able to defeat the Chinese. It resulted in the Treaty of Nanjing (British-$/Hong Kong). (1839-1860)
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Sepoys (Indian soldiers) rebelled against the British. The British were able to put down the rebellion within a year. The result was that the parliament tightened control of India and ended the East India Co dominance.
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The British helped India by building India's economy, added improvements to the roads, telegraph lines, schools, canals etc. Helped Indians get more rights in 1885- caused nationalism. However, they still attempted to change the Indians by forcing them to grow cotton which caused food shortages.
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Isma'il try to modernize Egypt through the construction of the Suez Canal. The canal was a waterway that cut through the Isthmus of Suez. It connected the Red Sea to the Mediterranean. It was extremely expensive and led to Egypt having $450 Million debt and the British ended up taking financial control of the canal.
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The Open Door Policy was created by John Hay was made to give all nations equal rights when trading with China. It offered an open and free market for all nations who wanted to trade with India.
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The Boers (farmers) tried to keep the outsiders from trying to gain political rights. Blamed British and attempted to attack them. The British ended up winning and Many of the South Africans were placed in concentration and died.
