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The Inca empire was the largest empire in pre-columbian history. They had very unique art and agriculture and had very modern technologies for their time. The Inca did not have a written language rather they had khipu.
This empire fits under the WHAP theme, Technology and Innovation. I thought that this empire fit well under this theme because this empire was much more advanced then many other empires during this time, They had practices and ways that were way more modern then seen before. -
The mongol empire lasted from 1206-1368. Their leader, Genghis Khan, united the tribes of Mongolia and formed the mongol empire. The empire succeeded due to its advanced technology and a massive horde of nomadic warriors. These warriors were very skilled on horseback, making them a very strong army.
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The Empire of Mali existed in Africa from 1235 to the 1600's and was one of the largest empires in West African History. The empires most famous leader was Mansa Musa. He completed the first piligramige to Mecca and left much gold in his wake. The empire collected taxes from its citizens and this is where its prosperity came from. Mali was a monarchy but much of the state power was in the hands of court officials. Islam was the prominent religion in the empire.
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The empire which lasted from 750–1258 succeeded the Umayyad empire and was prosperous from trading. It became the hub for Islamic learning and development.
A CCOT between all empire and kingdoms during this time is that social class had a huge impact on society. Some empires and kingdoms had religious class where others were not as distinct, but all had some way that subjects and citizens were grouped together. This was sometimes for the better, but also sometimes caused chaos. -
The kingdom of Majapahit was the last major Hindu-Buddhist empires to exist in this region. The empire was at its strongest during the mid-fourteenth century. The empire was big for trading and rice was one of these important crops traded.
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The Majapahit empire was the last Indianized kingdom in Indonesia. The Empire lasted from 1293 to 1527 and is based on the island of Java.
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There were 36 Sultans who ruled the empire between the years of 1299 and 1922. The empire is historically known as the Turkish empire and were known for their achievements in art, science and medicine. The empire grew to be one of the most powerful states around the 15th century.
A CCOT between many of the empires during this time, was that religion had a huge impact on how these empire formed and functioned. Religions such as Islam and Christianity caused war and new ways of governing. -
The Aztecs were warlike people who lived in central mexico between the years 1300-1521. They were very religious peoples who believed in many gods. They were very technologically advanced and built impressive temple-pyramids, used sophisticated techniques of agriculture, and they made human sacrifices to their gods.
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This empire dominated Greater Iran in the early 15th century. The empire was well known for its art and culture. The empire was founded by a great conqueror from Uzbekistan, Timur where the name of the empire came from.
Contextualization-
The black death that raged through Eurasia during this time period had huge impacts on trade and on the silk road. Due to the deaths and the tool it took on people, trade and the way people lived was changed greatly. -
The kingdom of Kongo was founded in 1390 by Lukeni lau Nimi and was originally a loose federation or small politics before becoming a royal patrimony. The Portuguese came into the kingdom and settled while handling their role in the Atlantic slave trade.
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The Yongle Emperor focused on Indian ocean sea routes and existed from 1402 to 1424. He had an impact on trade with his efforts in lengthening and widening of the Grand Canal.
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The collapse of the Byzantine empire was in 1453. The empire from 320-1453. It was the longest lasting empire and was the continuation of the roman empire. The capital was Constantinople and major trading place along the silk roads. Byzantine people blended Christian religious beliefs with Greek science, philosophy, arts, and literature.
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In west Africa, in what is now Nigeria, between the years 1200s to the 1800s C.E. was the kingdom of Benin. They were known for their many life sized head sculptures. They are also known for the fact that their history is not written down, but rather is all oral history which makes it very had to trace and study. The cowrie shell was the kingdoms form of currency and The people of Benin were animists.
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The Saadi dynasty lasted from 1510–1659. This empire was in modern day Morocco and parts of West Africa. Their leader, Ahmad al-Mansur, successfully invaded the Songhai Empire. The empire gained power when after the Portuguese who occupied Agadir and other coastal cities, people in the Sous valley declared their leader to be Muhammad al-Qa'im. He lead the tribes against the Portuguese.
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The mughal empire controled much of south asia between the 16th and 19th century. The empire was a muslim dynasty and the most powerful Islamic state to rule in india.
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This was the last Chinese dynasty and it lasted for 268 years, from 1644 to 1912. The dynasty was known for its cultural accomplishments including work with jade carving, painting, and porcelain. It was also known for its philological developments.
Contextualization-
Early developments such as porcelain and the printing press began to make daily life easier and better then it had been in the past. -
The Sikh Confederacy lasted from 1707 to 1799. The confederacy is a description of how the Barons' Kingdoms in Punjab interacted with each other politically.
A CCOT that relates to this kingdom and others of its time period, is that this was near the time of industrialization and new ideas. New sciences, ideas, and inventions were being introduced during this time had a huge impact on kingdoms and nations of this era. -
Before becoming the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707, the island was called the Kingdom of England. It has made important contributions to the world economy such as literature, theater, film, television, and popular music.
This Kingdom relates to the WHAP theme, Economic systems, because some of their contributions to the world economy such as theater and music had huge impacts on the way the kingdom developed and interacted with and worked with other nations and kingdoms. -
The Russian empire lasted from 1712 to 1917 and consisted of most of north Eurasia, including central Asia. The empire was an absolute monarchy ruled by Russian emperors known as 'Tsars'.
This Empire is an example of the WHAP theme Governance because in 1917, there was up rise to the current Russian government, and people had new ideas, such as communism, of how Russia should be run. Communism changed the way the Russia was governed and the formation of the empire. -
The Islamic state, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was formed in 1932. The national language is Arabic and the Holy Qur'an as its constitution. Saudi Arabia is the largest country in the Arabian Peninsula and is known for its oil and horses.
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The Kingdom of Libya was a constitutional monarchy that existed from 1951- 1963. The government had Parliament; Upper House (Senate); Lower House (House of Representatives).
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This Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy with an elected parliament. Despite the fact that according to the constitution, political power is to be shared between the hereditary monarch and the parliament, the king holds broad political authority over all branches of government.
In 1912 it became French protectorate but regained independence in 1956 and today is the only monarchy in North Africa. -
The Kingdom of Eswatini is an absolute monarchy located in southern africa with its current leader being Mswati III. In 1968, the kingdom regained its independence from the British. It is the last of absolute monarchy left in Africa. The kingdom was formerly known as Kingdom of Swaziland.
Contextualization of this time period was industrialization. During this time, many new intentions such as the light bulb, and phone changed the way people lived by making life more convenient and easy.
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