History of the Immunization Schedule

By its.andrea

  • 1945-1954

    1945-1954
    The United States Public Service Act of 1944 ordered that the government issue licenses for vaccines.
    Smallpox- was available since the 1800's and by the the 1900's it was recommended for children of the age of 1.
    DTP- this vaccine combined the pertussis vaccine, diphtheria, and tetanus toxoids was licensed in 1948. Combinations of vaccines have many advantages such as reduced number of injections, less doctor visits, and lower cost of shipping and vaccine doses.

  • 1955-1964

    1955-1964
    Polio- A poliovirus vaccine created by Jonas Salk was licensed on April 12, 1955. Results showed that the vaccine was 80-90% effective. It was used everywhere after those results were shown.

  • 1965-1974

    1965-1974
    Smallpox-In 1972,smallpox vaccine wasnt used anymore because smallpox infection was "wiped out" and there was a low risk of getting infected.
    Polio-The vaccine for polio was licensed in 1960 and replaced by OPV(oral poliovirus vaccine)in 1963.By 1968 IPV(inactivated poliovirus vaccine)was wiped out.
    Measles- affected 300,000-760,000 people a year in the US in 1950-1963 until a measles vaccine was licensed.In 1968 the US reported that measles cases had dropped 97%.

  • 1975-1984

    1975-1984
    MMR- Stands for measles, mumps, and rubella. It was used more after mumps vaccination was recommended for all children in 1977.

  • 1985-1994

    1985-1994
    Polio-On August 20, 1994,the Pan American Health Organization was the first World Class Organization to eradicate the disease.
    MMR-Low vaccination rates made measles outbreak between 1989-1999. Making 55,000 Americans sick and more than 100 dead.
    Hib-Haemophilus influenzae type B affected more than 12,000 children each year,killing 600,and leaving them with many disorders. A vaccine for Hib was created in 1985,and replaced by conjugate vaccines 1990.
    Hepatitis B- recommended for infants in 1991.

  • 1995-2004

    DTaP-(diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis)vaccine was licensed in 1991 & was part of the DTP vaccination schedule.It replaced DTP in 1999.
    Polio-In 2000 OPV was wiped out in the US
    Influenza-started in 2004 & ACIP recommended vaccination for children 6-23 months.
    Varicella-licensed on March 17, 1995.Varicella(Chickenpox) was recommended for children in 1996.
    Rotavirus-Licensed & recommended for children in 1998.
    Pneumococcal-Licensed and recommended for children 2-23 months in 2000.

  • 2005-Current

    Influenza-Seasonal vaccination was recommended for children 6 months to 4 years of age in 2006.
    Rotavirus- A study of US laboratories showed that in 2008-2009 rotavirus test results were 60% lower than before the vaccine.
    HPV-(Human papillomavirus)vaccine was licensed in 2006.Recommended for adolescents 11-12 of age.
    Hepatitis A-Licensed in 1995 & recommended for all children in 2006.
    Meningococcal-Since 2005, this vaccine has been recommended for all adolescents.