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people just to believed that illness and diseases were caused by a supernatural spirits and demons. -
They had advanced knowledge of anatomy and surgery. Additionally, they treated many diseases, including dental, gynecological, gastrointestinal, and urinary disorders. -
China has one of the world's oldest medical systems. Acupuncture and Chinese herbal remedies date back at least 2,200 years, although the earliest known written record of Chinese medicine is the Huangdi neijing from the 3rd century BCE. -
Physicians did not widely practice a treatment of medicines, although some chemical elixirs and ointments were applied or administered. They were often produced with dangerous materials like lead or mercury. -
The humeral theory states that good health comes from a perfect balance of the four humors: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. Consequently, poor health resulted from improper balance of the four humors -
One of the most important contributions to medicine from medieval China was to the creation of amalgams for dental procedure -
The quality of medical practitioners was poor, and people rarely saw a doctor, although they might visit a local wise woman, or witch, who would provide herbs or incantation. -
The Romans were extremely adept engineers. They understood the laws of physics well enough to develop aqueducts and better ways to aid water flow. -
The Renaissance period witnessed groundbreaking developments in medical sciences, including advancements in human anatomy, physiology, surgery, dentistry, and microbiology. -
Black Death is believed to have been the result of plague, an infectious fever caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. The disease was likely transmitted from rodents to humans by the bite of infected fleas -
The plague was caused by the Yersinia pestis bacterium, which is usually transmitted to a human by the bite of a flea or louse. the epidemic was on a much smaller scale than the earlier Black Death pandemi -
advances in technology, including the invention of the stethoscope, and the first researched and documented text on the ancient techniques of midwifery -
Diseases and epidemics of the 19th century included long-standing epidemic threats such as smallpox, typhus, yellow fever, and scarlet fever. -
a serious and sometimes fatal disease caused by a parasite that commonly infects a certain type of mosquito which feeds on humans. -
The health care system became more organized, technologically sophisticated, and costly -
American geneticist and biophysicist who played a crucial role in the discovery of the molecular structure of deoxyribonucleic acid -
was an English molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist. He, James Watson, Rosalind Franklin, and Maurice Wilkins played crucial roles in deciphering the helical structure of the DNA molecule -
a new influenza A virus that spread easily and infected people throughout the world -
flu pandemic caused an estimated one million to two million deaths worldwide and is generally considered to have been the least severe of the three influenza pandemics of the 20th century. -
chronic diseases such as heart disease and obesity are the leading cause of death and disability in the U.S., and the primary drivers of the nation's annual health care costs.