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Period: 510 BCE to 404 BCE
Direct Democracy
The direct democracy of Athens lasted about 100 years ( 510 BCE). There were two tyrants who paved the way to democracy: Draco, who provided stability by creating harsh laws and Solon, who created important democratic reforms. Direct democracy was created because Athens chose for its people to shape the city. The significance of direct democracy in Athens was that all citizens were responsible such as voting and participating in the government proces -
499 BCE
Persian Wars
The Persian War occurred when the Persians tried to conquer Greece. The Persian Wars occurred in 499-449 BCE in the borders of Greece and Persia. The Persian Empire wanted revenge after the Athenians helped one of their colonies rebel against Persian Rule. The significance of this event was that Persia failed to conquer Greece 3 times. There were three battles: Battle of Marathon, Battle of Thermopylae, Battle of Salamis. These three battles helped Greece built a large city. -
Period: 479 BCE to 431 BCE
Golden Age
The Golden Age of Athens occurred between 479- 431 BCE. The golden age occurred in Athens, which was its economic prosperity and the age of culture and art. The Golden Age occurred when Greece successfully defeated Persia and boomed its economy. The significance of this age is that Athens had so much culture and everyone bonded together in the city. This age made Athens powerful, beautiful, and increased its democracy. -
Period: 454 BCE to 404 BCE
Delian League
The Delian League was an alliance of Greek city-states that provided common defense against the Persian Empire in case of another attack. The Delian league was between 454-404 BCE in Athens. In 454 BCE, Pericles moved the Delian league into Athens. The Delian league was formed because Athens wanted extra protection against Persia. The significance of the Delian League was that Athens build large colonies along the Black Sea and Turkey, because they were so powerful -
431 BCE
Peloponnesian War
The Peloponnesian War occurred during 431-404 BCE in Athens. The war was between Athens and Sparta. The War occurred because Sparta believed that Athens Delian League was too powerful. Athens was out of control and were punishing city-states. Sparta created the Peloponnesian League to counter the Delian League. The significance of this war is that Sparta ended up winning the war, leaving both city-states very weak. -
Period: 431 BCE to 404 BCE
Athens Plague
During the second year of the Peloponnesian War, Athens undergoes a plague because the disease spread around the whole city. Many people died of the plague including ⅓ of the population of Athens and Pericles, their king. This is significant to the history of Athens because almost their whole population died including their king and many brave soldiers. The soldier's death was a very good reason why Sparta ended up winning the Peloponnesian War. -
338 BCE
Macedonia conquers Greece
By 338 BCE, Philip II who was king of Macedonia. He conquered Athens, Sparta, and the whole of Greece because at that time, Sparta and Athens were weakened and were not powerful enough to defend against a whole army. The significance of this event is that when Macedonia conquered Greece, both Athens and Sparta’s history was destroyed. Also Macedonia established Hellenism with the combined knowledge of 4 great empires. -
Period: 323 BCE to 31 BCE
Hellenism
Hellenism was the combined knowledge of Greece, Persia, Egypt, and India. This combination of Greek influence with Eastern ideas created the Hellenistic Age. The library was with ½ million scrolls. The Art had people look natural and sculptures were more realistic and emotional. The Hellenistic Age was created for the people,so they could gain knowledge about art, mathematics, and science. The significance of the Age was that it created the first every research library.