Greece

By reesesmith
  • Period: 499 BCE to 449 BCE

    The Persian Wars

    The Persian Wars were started because the Persian Empire wanted revenge against Greece. They had tried to conquer Greece three times but were unsuccessful each time. This caused them to become very angry and they wanted revenge. There were three main battles- the battle of marathon, won by the Greeks thanks to the Phalanx formation, the battle of Thermopylae, won by the Persians, and finally the battle of Salamis, won by the Greeks. As a result, the Greeks finally won the Persian Wars in 449 BC.
  • Period: 461 BCE to 429 BCE

    Golden Age of Athens

    After the Persian wars, Athens' economic success led to the Golden Age of culture and democracy in Athens. Under the rule of Pericles, the democracy increased, and Athens became the strongest navy in Greece. Athens was made beautiful as well, including the building of the Parthenon. Columns became popular in architecture, with three main types- Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. Classical Art was introduced, and human form was celebrated, and the theatre flourished, with 2 genres, tragedy and comedy.
  • Period: 431 BCE to 404 BCE

    The Peloponnesian Wars

    The Peloponnesian Wars were a series of wars between the Delian League, led by Athens, and the Peloponnesian War, led by Sparta. Athens had gotten too powerful as a cause of winning the Persian Wars, which caused tension between the two city-states. During the war, a plague hits the people of Athens, causing 1/2 of the population to die, including their leader, Pericles. Since Athens has lost so many people, Sparta succeeds in winning the war.
  • Period: 336 BCE to 323 BCE

    Hellenism

    Hellenism was the time period in which Alexander the Great's empire combined the knowledge of four empires- Greece, Persia, Egypt, and India. The most important city during the time of Hellenistic culture was Alexandria, Egypt named after Alexander himself. Museums with zoos, gardens and dining halls were started, along with the first research library with about 1/2 a million scrolls. Realism became very popular in art, making people look more natural, and sculptures began to show more movement.