GREECE

Minoan civilization (START)

2700 BCE

Was a Bronze Age Aegean civilization on the island of Crete and other Aegean Islands, flourishing from c. 2700 to c. 1450 BC until a late period of decline.

Achaeans settle down

2000 BCE

The Achaeans, a town from the Danube plains, settle in Greece, on the Aegean Islands, including Crete and the coast of Asia Minor.
They are dedicated to agriculture and livestock and are very good navigators.
With its advent, the Minoan or Cretan civilization ends.

Minoan civilization (FINISH)

1450 BCE

Miceanean Civilitzation

1400 BCE

Mycenaean Civilization, based in the city of Mycenae, in Argolis. It is the boom period of the Achaeans. These surround their cities with strong walls, each isolated from another. Each city was a city-state.(1400 to 1100 a.C)

Troya´s destruction

1100 BCE

Destruction of Troy after a long war. Troy, city of Asia Minor, is besieged for ten years by the Greeks, until the destruction of Troy ensued.
Part of the legendary stories are told in "The Iliad", exalting the heroes protagonists of the Trojan War.

Doric invasion

1000 BCE

Doric invasion that ended the Achaean civilization. The Dorios were from the Balkans, and constituted a semi-barbarian population. Its center was Sparta. But in the Greek peninsula the Aeolians in Boeotia and the Ionian still remain in the Ätica.

Organization of the republic of Athens

620 BCE

The great legislator, Dracón, through his Laws, organizes the republic of Athens. His collection of laws integrate the first written code of Athens. There they state that the State intervenes in the administration of justice. Dracón establishes penalties too severe and cruel to achieve state order. Extreme severity and cruelty made the eupátridas - for fear of a civil war outbreak.
Society is divided into three social classes: citizens, metecos and slaves.

Persian invasion

490 BCE

Persian invasion. Darius, King of the Persians, conquers some Greek colonies, and installs a strong army. They were called Medical Wars (by the Medes, as the Greeks called them to the Persians).
The great battle was fought in Marathon. The Athenians are commanded by Miltiades. Darío's army loses some 6,000 men. He embarks his soldiers, tries to reach Athens, but Miltiades forces him to return to Persia.

NEW Persian invasion

480 BCE

New Persian invasion. Xerxes, son of Darius, attempts the second invasion of Greece, crossing the Hellespont (today Dardanelles Strait). The Persians arrive in Athens after defeating King Leonidas and his men in the Thermopylae.
The Athenian fleet defeats the Persians and sinks their ships in the battle of Salamis. The Persian king Xerxes, with a few ships, returns to Persia, but leaves in Greece an army under General Mardonio.

Macedonian-Greece WAR

340 BCE

War between Macedonia and Greece. King Philip II, king of Macedonia, invades Greece.
In the battle of Queronea the Macedonians defeat the Greeks, in the year -338, and dominate and control the country.(340 TO 338 a.C)

Invasion of the Romans

146 BCE

The Greek peninsula was under the control of the Romans after the battle of Corinth in 146 BC. Macedonia then became a Roman province. Where some Greeks managed to maintain partial independence, the others surrendered. When King Atalo III left all his territories to the Romans in his will, the Kingdom of Pergamum fell into the hands of the Romans during the year 133 BC.

Pelopponesian War

431

Peloponnesian War It originated from the rivalry between the two main Greek cities: Sparta and Athens.
Athens started this contest. The war had three parts: the first one ends in -421 with the peace of Nicia; the second, from -416 to -413 facing Syracuse and the third ends at -404 with the entry of the Spartans in Athens. As a consequence, Athens must tear down its walls, end its democratic government, deliver its fleet and pay taxes.(431 to 404 a.C)