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On July 14, 1789 an angry French mob attacked the Bastille. The Bastille had become a symbol of the monarchy's dictatorial rule and the people were making a statement by attacking it.
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The Reign of Terror began when a a declaration proposed by Robespierre. During this time, there was about 16,000 executions. France was ruled by a group of men called the Committee of Public Safety. The period didn't end until Robespierre was finally executed.