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Description:The treasury is in crisis because Louis XVI and his queen spend their gold freely and have unpaid debts from previous kings. He even supported the United States in its war against England, which made the treasury even emptier. So in 1786, when he asked the banks to lend money to the government, they refused.
Statement: Because the country had no money, they oppressed the people and this was the trigger for the French Revolution.
Link:e-book chapter23 Section 1.2 -
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Description:France was surrounded by fear. The peasants became outlaws. Parisian women rioted and marched over the rising price of bread. Eventually, the king, his family, and his servants left Versailles.
Statement: France was on the verge of a change of power and radical reforms.
Link:e-book chapter23 Section 1.4 -
Description:Instead of reducing his spending, Louis instead taxed the nobility. But the second rank told him to call this meeting as a way of approving this policy.
Statement: Although there was no more money in the treasury, Louis still spent money without restraint, which led him to call a meeting. It set the stage for the French Revolution.
Link:e-book chapter23 Section 1.2 -
Description:The representatives of the third class were determined to hold on to power. In a speech, Sieyès's proposal caused a reform. On June 20, the third class delegates were locked in the meeting room. So they broke the door of the indoor tennis court and promised to stay until a new constitution was drawn up.
Statement: Because of this incident, it made some aristocrats and clergymen who were in favor of reform to join the Third Class Delegates.
Link:e-book chapter23 Section 1.3 -
Description:A mob stormed the Bastille in Paris and took control of the building. It even hacked the prison director and several guards to death. The incident claimed the lives of some 100 people.
Statement: This event fired the first shots of the French Revolution. It cost many lives.
Link:e-book chapter23 Section 1.3 -
Description:The National Assembly adopted this revolutionary declaration. The document guarantees equal justice for citizens, freedom of expression, and freedom of religion. But some people were not satisfied, such as the loss of land and political independence for the Catholic Church. And Louis tried to escape.
Statement: Many peasants opposed the Assembly's reforms. Louis attempted escape increased the influence of his radical enemies in the government.
Link:e-book chapter23 Section 2.1 -
Description:Prussian troops made war on Paris. On August 10, the mob massacred the French royal guards and imprisoned Louis, Marie Antoinette, and their children. French troops from the defense of Paris were sent to the battlefield to reinforce the French army.
Statement: Paved the way for the abolition of the monarchy.
Link:e-book chapter23 Section 2.3 -
Description:Robespierre became the leader of the Committee of Public Safety and ruled France almost as a dictator. Under his leadership, the Committee often tried these "enemies" in the morning and guillotined them in the afternoon. Louis' death represents the end of an era. But the war continued.
Statement: The people suffered under his leadership and many died.
Link:e-book chapter23 Section 2.4 -
Description:Louis XVI was reduced from king to common citizen and prisoner, tried for treason and sentenced to death. But he walked calmly and solemnly up the steps of the guillotine to be beheaded.
Statement: Louis' death represents the end of an era. But the war continued.
Link:e-book chapter23 Section 2.3 -
Description:Britain, Austria, and Russia joined forces to try to remove Napoleon from power. But eventually, all three countries signed a peace agreement with France.
Statement: Napoleon concentrated on restoring order in France.
Link:e-book chapter23 Section 3.1