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The rise of the Third Estate
King Louis XVI´s minister attempted to introduce financial reform, but these were strongly opposed. An Assembly of Notables, consisting of leading noblemen and ecclesiastics rejected reforms in 1787 -
The failures of the Old Regime
In France, the Old Regime was destroyed by the French Revolution, which had this origin in the failures of the system. https://revolutionaryfrance1789.weebly.com/the-old-regime--causes-of-the-french-revolution.html -
Estates-General
Was an Assembly of Notables, consisting of all the three states, in May 1789 at Versailles. People from all the three estates presented their problems to the assembly in List of Grievances -
Declaration of the Right of Man and of the Citizen
A few days later, it publishes the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. This was a statement of principles in support of personal liberty, equality before the law and the right of property -
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The end of the Old Regime
On 14th July 1789, the people of Paris attacked the Bastille. In rural areas, there was a climate of the great tension calle the Great Fear, when peasants attacked the nobles´ castles. Following the capture of the Battle, the National Constituent Assembly introduced a series of measures that marked the end of the Old Regime. -
Abolition of the feudal rights
On 4th August 1789 it abolished feudal rights, such as the privileges of the nobility and the taxes paid to the Church -
The first French Constitution
In September 1791, France`s first written constitution ended royal absolutism ended royal absolutism, establishing a constitutional monarchy. Under the separation of powers, legislative powers was held by the Assembly, executive power by the king, and judicial power by independent courts. Only adult males over the age of 25, and with a certain level of income, could vote in elections. -
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Opposition to the constitutional monarchy
A Legislative Assembly was formed in October 1791, and France now had a constitutional monarchy. However, this assembly lasted for less than a year, and failed to attract much support.There was a fierce opposition from the nobility and the clergy, who did not want to give up their privileges.Many members of the formerly privileged estates emigrated, and conspired against the Revolution from abroad.In contrast, other groups believed that the reforms did not go far enough. -
The insurrection of 1792
France suffered some early defeats in the war, and the king was widely blamed. In August 1792, there was an insurrection: the Tuileries Palace was attacked, and the royal family was taken prisoner. -
Austria and Prussia war
Abroad, other Europeo monarchs felt threatened by the ideas of the French Revolution. In 1972, Austria and Prussia declared war on France -
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The birth of the French Revolution
A National Convention governed France. The Convention inmediately abolished the monarchy, and France becomes a republic. This was later called Year One of French Republic republican calendar. Initially, the Girondins, or moderate republicans, controlled the assembly -
Dead of Louis XVI
The Convention judged and condemned Louis XVI for treason, and he was executed by guillotine in January 1793. This produced a horrified reaction abroad and led to the formation of the First Coalition, in which Britain and the Dutch Republic joined the other countries that where already fighting France. Within France, There was a royalist, Catholic uprising in the Vendée region in western France(1793-1796) -
Committee of Public Safety
A revolutionary tribunal called the Committee of Public Safety was established, led by Georges of opposing the Republic, even if there was no proof against them. They were sentenced to death by the guillotine, which became a famous symbol of the French Revolution. Around 50000 people new executed, including leader of the political groups, nobles and clergymen -
Maximum prices
Robespierre tried to ease the economic crisis by establishing maximum prices for basic items. However, he also limited salaries, which led to conflict with the sans-culottes. A new calendear was adopted in which the names of the months were related to the seasons -
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The Reign of Terror
Believing that the Revolution was in danger, the radical revolutionaries used support from the sans-culottes to seize power from the Girondins in Junes 1793. The Jacobin leader Maximilien Robespierre assumed all powers, and established a dictatorship.
The danger of foreign invasion and the internal threat from French opponents of the revolution led to the Reign of Terror. -
The execution of Robespierre
Robespierre gradually lost support. In 1794, moderate revolutionaries arrested Robespierre and his followers, who where then executed by guillotine. -
Conspiracy of the Equals
Radical conspired against the government. The Conspiracy of the Equals, led by Babeuf was a plot to overthrow the government an egalitarian society. -
Bourbon dinasty
The royalist also led and counter revolutionary activities with the aim of restoring the Bourbon Dynasty -
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The directory
Following the execution of the most radical revolutionaries, a new Constitution(1795) established limited suffrage based on property ownership. A moderate government was led by a five-member Directory while legislative power was held by two chambers.
The new regime never had very much support, and it faced challenges on all sides -
The wins with Napoleon
In Europe, France won a series of victories against its enemies. The French general Napoleon Bonaparte conquered most of Italy on behalf of the Directory between 1796 and 1799. However, in 1799 France`s enemies, led by Britain, formed a Second Coalition that reconquered many of the regions that France had occupied. -
The Consulate of French
In november 1799, Napoleon Bonaparte carried out a coup d`état. A Consulate was created, in which authority was supposed to ve shared between three consults; but in fact Napoleon was now the real ruler of France
