-
40,000 BCE
Migration through the Bering Strait
Migration of Asian people to North America through the Bering Strait -
8000 BCE
Cease of peoples movement
the movement of peoples from Asia to north America stopped -
1500 BCE
Mayan civilization
Mayan civilization develops in the Yucatan Peninsula, Guatemala, and parts of Honduras and El Salvador -
1150 BCE
Olmec civilization
Olmec culture flourishes in Mesoamerica -
300 BCE
Mayan Civilization
Mayan Civilization flowered -
250
Mayan Civilization
Mayan civilization thrived in the classic period in the lowlands in northern Central America and southern Mexico -
700
Temple of the Jaguar
The temple of the jaguar in Tikal was constructed. -
900
Mayan decline
The Mayan Civilization started to fall -
1000
Inca culture
emerges in the Cuzco Valley of South America. -
1100
Full decline
The Mayan civilization stopped flourishing -
1200
The Aztecs
The Aztecs who migrated from northern Mexico, arrived in the Valley of Mexico -
1325
Tenochtitlán
The capital was established in the Texcoco Lake -
1401
Tupac Yupanqui
was the Incan ruler -
1466
Moctezuma Xocoyotzin
The last emperor of the Aztec empire was born -
1490
The first clash of European and native American civilizations
-
1492
Columbus arrival
Christopher Columbus arrives at what he called San Salvador Island in the Caribbean and encounters Native American culture -
1494
Treaty of Tordesillas
Signed by Spain and Portugal, establishing a line of demarcation from pole to pole 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands; Spain received the right to colonize all territory to the west of that line; Portugal colonized lands to the east -
1500
Cabral arrival to Brazil
Pedro Álvares Cabral arrives in Brazil and claims it for Portugal -
1502
Christopher Columbus landed in Central America.
The arrival of black slaves to the Americas. -
1508
First sugar mill
In Hispaniola, the first sugar mill is constructed. -
1508
Patronato real granted for the Spain monarch
Pope Julius II granted the Spain monarch the patronato real -
1509
Proliferation of the Catholic Church in the Americas
Pope Julius II authorizes the Spanish Catholic monarchs to propagate the Catholic Church in the Americas; Patronato Real gave power to crown to appoint Church officials -
1510
Importation of slaves
Two-hundred and fifty slaves are imported to the Americas to work in the gold mines in Hispaniola -
1512
Laws of Burgos
Promulgated to protect the native Americans from the worst ravages of Spanish conquest/ outlaw the slavery of Indian people -
1513
Bilao discovers the Pacific Ocean
Vasco Núñez de Balboa crossed the isthmus and discoveres the Pacific Ocean -
1516
Bartolome de Las Casas
named the official Protector of the Indians -
1519
Cortes arrives to central Mexico
Being Moctezuma II the ruler, Cortes leads an expedition from Cuba to Mexico and later takes Moctezuma prisioner Slaves were taken directly from Africa by European slave ships. -
1521
Conquest of the Aztec Empire
Spaniards finally defeated Cuauhtémoc completing the conquest of the Aztec empire -
1521
Conversion of Indians to Christianity
Conquistador Gil Gonzalez Davila converts 30,000 Indians to Christianity in the area called Nicaragua, and sends some 500,000 as slaves to other parts of Spanish Empire -
1524
Guatemala City and the Council of the Indies
Guatemala City was founded. The Council of the Indies is established by King Charles V. -
1527
Post-classical Mayan Civilization
post-classical Mayan civilization lived on in the Yucatan centers like Chichen Itza and Uxmal after other Mayan lands were conquered by the Spaniards -
1530
Proliferation of slavery
The Spanish crown authorizes the spread of slavery to Puerto Rico, Cuba, and Jamaica -
1532
Conquest of the Incan empire
Francisco Pizarro invades the Incan Empire, captures and executes Emperor Atahualpa, and conquers the Incas -
1535
Incas under total Spanish control
-
1538
University of Saint Thomas Aquinas
The first university in the Americas is established: St. Thomas Aquinas in the city of Santo Domingo -
1541
Francisco de Orellana discovers Ecuador
Francisco de Orellana discovers the headwaters of the Amazon River in what is now Ecuador -
1542
Withdrawal of the encomienda
The New Laws of the Indies are issued by Spain, officially eliminating the encomienda -
1549
Outlaw of labor demand
The encomendero's rights to demand labor from his tributaries was outlawed. -
1551
Creation of Universities
New universities are creted in Mexico and Lima -
1554
Arauco War
Araucan Indian chief Caupolican, allied with Chief Lautaro, defeats Spaniards, kills Pedro de Valdivia, and defeats the forces of Francisco de Villagra de Chile -
1569
Inquisition begins
the institution of the Inquisition begins in Latin America in Lima and Mexico City -
Expulsion of the Jesuits
The Jesuits were expelled from the colonies by the Portuguese -
Expulsion of the Jesuits
The Jesuits were expelled from the colonies by King Charles III -
Rebellion on behalf the Indians
Incan descendant Tupac Amaru leads a two-year rebellion against authorities on behalf of the Indians. -
Cease of transatlantic slavery
transatlantic slave trade stopped -
Conquest of the Araucanians
The Araucanians of Chile and Argentina were completely conquered by European invaders -
Cease of African slavery
African slavery stopped in Spanish colonies in the Caribbean and in Brazil