-
40,000 BCE
Migration of peoples to American continent
At this time, the migration of Asian peoples to the American continent through the Bering Strait begins -
8000 BCE
Migration of peoples to American continent
Around this time, the migration of peoples to the American continent ends -
1500 BCE
First sedentary tribes emerge
Full time agricultural villages spanned throughout the continent, especially in Mesoamerica and South America -
1500 BCE
Beginning of the Mayan Civilization
The Mayans develop in Yucatan, Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras -
1150 BCE
Beginning of the Olmec Civilization
Olmec culture flourished in Mesoamerica -
300 BCE
Flourishment of the Mayan Civilization
The Mayans begin to flower as a civilization -
500
End of the Olmec Civilization
-
700
Temple of the Jaguar in Tikal
Built in today's Petén, Guatemala, it was a Mayan ceremonial temple during the Classical Mayan period -
900
Decline of the Mayan Civilization
Rapid decline, major cities and ceremonial centers are abandoned -
1000
Beginning of the Incan Civilization
This culture emerges on the Cuzco Valley in South America -
1100
Decay of the Mayan Civilization
Full decay of the Mayans due to multiple factors -
1200
Arrival of Aztecs to the Valley of Mexico
During early 1200s, the Aztecs arrived in th the Valley of Mexico after migrating from Nothern Mexico -
1325
Tenochtitlan
The capital of the Aztecs was established on an island in Lake Texcoco -
1466
Moctezuma Xocoyotzín
The last Aztec emperor prior to the Spaniards arrival was born -
1472
Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui
Rule of Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui ended. He’s considered as one of the greatest rulers and conquerors in the annals of history. -
1490
Clash of Europeans and Native Americans
The first clash of Europeans and Native Aemrican civilizations ocurred in the Caribbean -
1492
Christopher Columbus lands in the Caribbean
Christopher Columbus arrives at what he called San Salvador Island
in the Caribbean and encounters Native American culture. -
1494
Treaty of Tordesillas
Signed by Spain and Portugal to establish a line of demarkation around the Cape Verde Islands -
1500
Pedro Alvares Cabral
Arrives in Brazil and claims it for Portugal -
1502
Christopher Columbus lands in Central America
Christopher Columbus landed in central America on hius fourth voyage to the Americas -
1502
African slavery in America
Beginning of African slave trading to the America’s began comming from the slave markets in Spain. -
1508
First sugar mill
Built in the Island of the Hispaniola -
1509
Patronato Real
Pope Julius II granted the Spanish monarch the Patronato real, or the right to nominate all church officials, collect tithes and found churches and monasteries in the Spanish Americas. -
1510
Slaves in the gold mines
Two-hundred and fifty slaves are imported to the Americas to work
in the gold mines in Hispaniola. -
1512
Leyes de Burgos
Leyes de Burgos were established by the Spanish Crown to outlaw some of the worst abuses to the native americans and make slavery illegal. -
1513
Discovery of the Pacific Coast
Vasco Núñez de Balboa crossed the isthmus and discovered the Pacific Ocean. -
1516
Bartolomé de las Casas
Fray Bartolomé de las Casas is named as the official Protectcor of the Indians. -
1519
Hernán Cortés arrives to Central Mexico
He was considered as a Quetzalcoatl by Moctezuma. The later was then imprisoned by Cortés. -
1519
Panama City
Panama City was founded on the Pacific Coast -
1519
African slavery in America
African slaves were brought directly from Africa by European ships -
1521
Cuauhtemoc's defeat
Cuauhtemoc, the last Aztec emperor was defeated by the Spaniards with the help of the Tlaxcalans and other Aztec enemies -
1521
Gil González de Avila
He converted 30,000 natives to Christianity in Nicaragua, and sends 500,000 others as slaves to other parts of the Spanish Empire -
1524
Guatemala City
Guatemala City was founded and became the administrative center for the part of Central America north of Panama -
1524
The Council of the Indies
Established by King Charles V -
1527
Mayan conquest
Mayan lands are conquered by the Spaniards -
1530
Slavery in the Caribbean
The Spanish Crown authorized the spread of slavery to Puerto Rico, Cuba and Jamaica. -
1532
Francisco Pizarro's expedition
Francisco Pizarro sails from Panama and lands on the Peruvian coast along with 200 conquistadores, with the objective of conquering South America. At the time, the Incan Empire was at a civil war between Atahualpa and Huáscar, who were both executed (the first by Spaniards, the later by the first). -
1535
Incan Empire under Spaniard control
The resistance of the Inca Manco Copac fails, and the empire falls under Spanish control. -
1538
First University in the Americas
St. Thomas Aquinas in Santo Domingo -
1541
Amazon river is discovered
By Francisco de Orellana in what is now Ecuador -
1542
Indian slavery was outlawed
-
1542
The New Laws of the Indies
Issued in Spain, it officialy elimiated the encomiendas. -
1549
Encomendero's demand for labor
Encopmendero’s right to demand labor from his tributarios was outlawed -
1551
New universities
Created in Mexico and Lima -
1554
Chief Caupolican and Chief Lautaro
Araucan Indian chiefs that killed Pedro de Valdivia and defeated the forces of Francisco de Villagrá de Chile -
1569
Inquisition in Latin America
First instituted in Lima and Mexico City -
Code Noir
Code Noir was enacted by the French in order to regulate slavery in the French Caribbean which accorded the slaves basic rights such as marriage, manumission, and judicial recourse in the case of mistreatment. -
Portuguese expelling of the Jesuits
-
Spanish expelling of the Jesuits
-
Túpac Amaru
Incan descendant that lead a two-year revolution against Spanish authorities on behald of the Indians -
Araucanians and Apaches conquest
The Araucanians of of Chile and Argentina, as well as the Apaches of Northern Mexico are finaly completely conquered by the Europeans. -
End of the African slavery
End of the African slavery in the remaining Spanish colonies in the Caribbean and Brazil