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406
Fall of the Roman Empire
A mixed band of Vandals, Suebi, and Alans crossed the frozen Rhine River leading to the capture of many Roman cities and was a climactic moment in the fall of the Roman Empire. -
Oct 4, 1066
Battle of Hastings
Took place during the Norman conquest of England between William the Conqueror and King Harold II. A decisive Norman victory and caused the death of King Harold II. -
Jan 1, 1337
Hundred Years War
Lasted until 1453, between the kingdoms of England and France over who controlled the French throne. It was the result of William the Conqueror who was king of England and duke of Normandy in 1066. -
Nov 28, 1350
Renaissance
Lasted until 1660, the cultural movement that stared in Florence and spread across Western Europe. Best known for advances in art, architecture, science, and literature, it took Classical ideas and modernized and advanced them. -
Jan 1, 1480
Spanish Inquisition
A tribunal meant to maintain the Catholic orthodoxy in the kingdom. The monarchs tried to eliminate all Jews after Alonso de Hojeda convinced the queen that the pope gave assent to this. -
Jan 1, 1517
Reformation
16th century movement founded on Martin Luther, John Calvin, and other early Protestants. Started by Luther's posting of the 95 Theses. -
Sir Isaac Newton's discoveries
Newton publishes Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica which describes universal gravitation and the three laws of motion. -
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
He is a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of 18-th century Romanticism. His political philosophy also influenced the French Revolution. -
Impressionism
A French art movement that was at first despised and is now loved by many. Manet, Monet, Renoir, and Cassatt are some famous impressionists. Focus on light and how it effected the subject matter. -
Charlemagne
Also known as Charles the Great, he was the founder of the Carolingian Empire and was the 'father of Europe'. He united Western Europe for the first time since the fall of the Roman Empire.