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Lorenzo Medici was an Italian statesmen. He substantially contributed to the Renaissance by supporting other humanists, artists, and was also a humanist. His humanist thoughts and the thoughts of humanists whom he supported financially founded individualism. Individualism led to the Reformation.
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Leonardo Davinici was perhaps one of the greatest minds at the time. He was technologically advanced and inspired individualism. Similar to Lorenzo Medici's contribution to causing the Reformation, people became individuals with seperate thoughts.
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The marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain unified the Spanish region becoming Spain. Spain would become the great defender of the Roman Catholic Church. Spain would go to war with England and used to the Inquisition to fight back individualism in reformed Christianity.
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The Spainsh Inquisition was an anti protestant/anti reformed Roman Catholic organization that set out to destroy all opposition. People were either threatened or killed. This force contributed to causing the Reformation because of creating social unrest among other regions. It also helped keep Spain unified under the Roman Catholicism.
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Luther was one of the first individuals to speak out against the Roman Catholic Church. His 95 Theses jump started the Reformation and contributed to the other reformed versions such as Calvinism. He spoke out against the sale of indulgences, baptism, and other religious sacrements.
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Begining with Henry VII, England started to rise from the background and soon become very involved with the conflict between Anglican and Catholic.
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Columbus contributed mainly to the events after the Reformation. Upon his discovery of the New World, he encouraged the Age of Exploration which deeply kept the Spain and Portugal as dominant powers. They were the first to explore the New World as France, HRE, and England fought regligious conflicts.
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Pope Leo X fought agains the Reformers such as Luther and Calvin. He also promoted the Sale of Indulgences to support his construction of a cathedral in Rome. Just as the Reformation started, he became deeply involved in the religious turmoil including the events of the Council of Trent, Diet of Worms, and etc.
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Although the printing press was used before this time. I mark it at this time period because it became essential in spreading the Reformation. The printing press was essential in spreading Luthers views(Lutheranism), Calvin's views(Calvinism), and etc.
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John Calvin was the founder of Calvinsim. In the begining, he followed Luther's crusade against Pope Leo X. As he learned more, he developed his own individual thoughts on ideas such as predestination. He eventually broke off and founded Calvinism. Calvinsim becomes greatly involved in the relgious conflicts in France when the Thirty Years War arises and during the French Civil War.
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Luther's 95 Theses is the number one contributing force in causing the Reformation. Eventhough social unrest was boiling, the 95 Theses spills the pot all over Europe. It argued the ideas of the Sale of Indugences and holy items.
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On the side lines of the Reformation was the idea of Mercantilism. Eventhough it wasn't executed until later periods in the New World, it still arose from the Venetians and application by both Spain and England.
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Elizabeth I was the first woman ruler of England. Because of this, some social disturbances arose of women's postion in society. Elizabeth, however, contributed to supporting protestants during the religious conflicts of Chrisitanity during the Reformation. Because of this, Spain sent a massive fleet to destroy England but was destroyed from bad weather. Overall, her position and behavior helped fuel the Reformation.
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The Peace of Augsburg ended the religious conflict between Lutheran and Catholics in the Holy Roman Empire. Because of this the Reformation started to decline in the Holy Roman Empire, but it was still sparking flames in France and England. This treaty of peace started to create the borders that would soon conflict with other borders in the Thirty Years War.
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The French Civil War in 1562 were conflicts between French Catholics and the Huguenots. In the end, it led to large minority of Huguenots that arose in France. This surge of Protestants in France, led to France siding with Protestants during the Thirty Years War. This would shock Europe when France, more Catholic than Protestant, sides with Protestants. This would later make Spain very angry.
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The Dutch Revolt was a conflict between the Protestants and Spain. The protestant movement was supressed by Phillip II of Spain which lead to a revolt which created independence of the region soon to be the Netherlands and Belgium. The conflict here is to continue once more when the Thirty Years War kicks off in the 17th century.
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The Thiry Years War was a result of the Reformation because there were still religious disturbances that moved to regions becoming in conflict with other regions. With the rising faction of Protestant and Catholic, alliances were formed. It can be aruged the Reformation continued through the Thiry Years War, but wasn't because the reforming movements were over. It was now time for war. Overall, the Thirty Years War took place in the Holy Roman Empire, the Netherlands, and in Belgium.
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The Thrity Years War starts with Bohemian Phase. The Bohemian Phase was
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