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A Roman emperor named Constantine rebuilt the Greek city of Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople. It became the capital fo the Byzantine empire. It had an excellent harbor and was guarded on three sides by water. It was also commanded key trade routes.
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It was the most violent riot in the history of Constantinople. During the riots over half of the city was burned or destroyed. More then ten thousand people perished in the riots.
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General Belisarius was a high ranked military officer during the Nika riots suppressed the rebellion. His first campaign was against the Vandals in Northern Africa. He then restored much of Western Europe into Byzantine control.
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Justinian decides to restore Roman glory after roits and fires. His main triumph is when he completes the building of a church, the Hagia Sophia. It has an immense arching dome. Its interior glowed with marble and embroidered silk curtains.
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The Muslims defeated the Sassanid Empire and took over a large portion of the Byzantine Empire. They had been weakened from fighting each other for years. Some of the people who were captured allied with them but some refused to.
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The Great Schism was a splitting of the chruch in 1054. It split East and West. They discrepancies occured mainly becuase of the Greek verses the Roman origins.
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The Byzantine empire was being attacked by Turks. Alexios I knew he could not stop them alone. He asked Pope Urban II to send military help. It worked and they defended against the Turks.
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During the Fourth Crusade, the crusaders fought other Christains instead of Muslims. The crusaders then helped Venice defeat their Byzantine trade rivals in 1204. After that the crusaders captured and looted Constantinople, the Byzantine capital.
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The Ottoman Turks commanded by Mehmed II took over Constantinople after a 53 day seige. It marked the end of the Roman empire in Europe.
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Basil II sought to restore the empire. He fought against Samuel the leader of Bulgaria and eventually he came out the victor.
