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Religious war between Christians and Muslims. The Christians tried to regain the Holy Land. Unsuccessful crusades, but they did expand trade routes.
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Time of rebirth where people began learning about the Romans, Greeks, Art, and Literature. This instigated the Protestant Reformation, and that then led to the Catholic Church Reformation.
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The 100 Years War was fought between the Kingdom of England and the French House of Valois. The war was fought over the rule to the Kingdom of France. The eventual winner was The Kingdom of England.
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The Black Death began in Mongolia and migrated to Europe and parts of Asia by the start of the 1400's. It is estimated to have killed 25 million people, or roughly half of Europe. The plauge was carried through the fleas on the rats scurriying through Europe.
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Zheng He, a Chinese explorer, set out on 7 voyages for the Chinese to make stable trading connections across the ocean.
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Joan of Arc was a devout Saint of God and was burned at the stake after being brought up on heresy charges. She helped lead the French against the English in the battle of Orleans. She joined the army at 18 years old and was burned at the stake at 19.
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Gutenberg invented the printing press to make it easier to publish text and books for the common man. He was the first person to publish a copy of the bible.
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This was the fall and the capture of the capital of the Byzantine Empire. This comes after 10 centuries of wars, victories, and defeats.
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The goal of the Inquisition was to put an end to heresy against the Catholic Church. It was established by the Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand the 2nd and Isabella the 1st of Castile.
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Christopher Columbus made landfall in a small group of islands called Guanahani in the Bahamas. Thinking he had found America. He later was proved wrong by Amerigo Vespucci.
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This describes the exchanging of animals, plants, and or diseases from the arrival of Columbus in the Caribbean.
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The procuring, transporting, and selling of human beings as slaves, in particular the former trade in African blacks as slaves by European countries and North America.
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The Mona Lisa is an artistic masterpiece. It was painted by Leonardo Da Vinci in the Renaissance Era and it took him 4 years to complete. It is today regarded as one of the most priceless paintings in the world.
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His work at the Sistine Chapel has been called a revolutionary piece in Renaissance art. It took him 4 years to complete the masterpiece on the ceiling of the chapel.
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King Henry Viii was the King of England from 1509-1547. He had six wives and three children who all eventually took the throne at one point or another. Started the Church of England and annulled his own marriage with his first wife because she could not give him a son to take the throne after he died.
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"The Prince" was written by Niccolo Machiavelli and it was about how to reign over your kingdom or your land with dictatorship type rules and regulations and how to acquire and maintain political power.
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A decisive victory for the Ottoman Empire over the Safavid Empire. This decimated the Turkish ranks and led to the westward advance of Shi'ism.
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Martin Luther, the father of Lutheranism, was against the selling of indulgences and let the church hear about it. He literally posted his papers, arguments, and disgruntlement on the door of the church. He was excommunicated, but was hidden by the princes from the church.
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This was one of the most famous sultans of the Ottoman Empire. He spent about 1/4 of his reign leading his troops into battle.
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Cortes defeated the Aztecs whilst being severely outnumbered in men, but what he did have was technology. He had guns, horses, and metal armor. He walked in as guests to the ruler and held him hostage. They forced him to tell his people to stop fighting back and his own people stoned their ruler. Cortes said thanks, took all of their gold and silver, and went happily home.
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Pizarro defeating the Incas was a big part of the Spanish colonization of the Americas. He led his army up the Andes Mountains and into the town of Cajamarca. The Inca leader, Atahuallpa, was enjoying the hot springs when Pizarro came into town. Atahuallpa was getting ready for the march in his brother city.
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This timespan is the Catholic resurgence and all began with The Council of Trent. It is the time where they decided that they needed to change because everyone who was leaving the church and converting into a Protestant. They needed to gain back the churchgoers that they once had.
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A temporary peace between the Holy Roman Church and the religious uprising from the Reformation. Each Prince was to decide which religion was to be practiced in his realm. Was it going to be Lutheranism or Roman Cathloicism.
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Queen Elizabeth's Reign was the proverbial "golden age" of England.
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The Spanish Armada was a group of ships that formed a militarized navy for the Spaniards. It was a fleet of 130 ships sent against the English. They were escorting an army of flanders to invade England.
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The Edict of Nantes was signed by King Henry lV of France. The edict allowed the Protestants of France to have substantial rights in the country. While the country, however, was still prodomenantly Catholic.
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The Samurai was a very prominent group of warriors for the Japanese. They were disciplined and strategic. They had the authority to kill anyone, and if they were not loyal or disobeyed they had to kill themselves.
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William Shakespeare was an English poet, actor, and playwright. Almost all of his productions were tragedies and always ended very bad. During the Renaissance he spoke to poor and wealthy through his plays showing a sense of humanism and emotions.
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The Taj Mahal was constructed for Shah Jahan's wife who died during childbirth, as a tomb for her because she was his favorite wife.
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These were two wars that take place in the 19th Century with China and the British Empire. They were fighting over the trading of opium and its sovereignty.
