-
A confusing series of events which led to chaos in the Catholic Church. Multiple claime Popes and different cities wer involved. One of the causes of the Protestant Reformation.
-
The Italian Renaissance was the transition from mideival Europe to new secular ideas that were rather unorthadox thanthe normal.
-
Cosimo de Medici was a wealthy Florentine who manipulated elections and influened the local council, Signoria. He died August 1, 1464.
-
Lorenzo de Medici ruled Florence with a totalitarian regime from 1478-1492.
-
-
The Treaty of Lodi was a fragile alliance between the city-states of Naples, Milan, and Florence. This marked a fourty year period of relative peace in Italy.
-
Invented the printing press. Thid helped the spread of Protestantism.
-
-
-
Christiphor Columbus was a sailor from Genova, Italy. However, after political issues Columbus set sail for the Queen of Spain. He discovered the "new world" on August 3 with his three ships the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria.
-
Martin Luther was major Protestant leader in the 16th century. He is most well know for posting his 95 thesis on the door of the Wittenburg Church on October 31, 1517. The thesis were a list of grievences, questions, and complaints to the Roman Catholic Church.
-
Session in 1530 included Charles V attemting to ease tensions on Protestantism and focus on the threatening Ottoman Empire.
-
Members of The Society of Jesus are also know as Jesuits. The Society was founded by Ignatius of Loyala in France. They are stricly a male congregation of the Catholic Church.
-
Involved great works of Galileo, Newton, and others.
-
Involving the Huguenots.
-
The St. Batholomew's Day Massacre was an event in which King Charles IX of France, influenced by mother Catherine de Medici, ordered the execution of major Huegenot eaders. This later lead to tens of thousands of Huegenots being killed across France.
-
The Twelve Years Truce temporarily ended the long lasting conflict between Spain and the Netherlands.
-
-
-
-
-
-
Began build up of palace of Versailles.
-
-
The Glorius Revolution was a "peaceful" change of throne in England in which William of Orange overthrew James II to place himself as monarch.
-
-
William of Oragne eventually overthrows Jamesn II.
-
New inventions such as steam engine and new factories for production.
-
-
-
This act prhibited the employment of children under 9, limited the work day for children, and required that children recieve two hours of education at factory owners expense.
-
-
Mazzini and his allies created a short-lived republic in Rome when the Pope fled to the city of Gaeta. The Italian tricolor came about during this time. Shortly after the republic failed.
