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430
BCE, Pericles dies
In 430 BCE, Pericles becomes victim of the plague and has a long and horrible death. The forces and pressures for Pericles dying was if you were exposed to anyone who had the plague then you would also get the plague. Pericles had a two sons who had the plague and he was near them so he also got the plague. The transformation for Greece was that the Greek people went from having one of the greatest leaders that ever lived to having him die a horrible death. -
431
BCE, The Peloponnesian War
From 431 BCE - 404 BCE the Athenians fought the Spartans in the Peloponnesian War, The Spartans won the war. The forces and pressures for this were that the Athenians had always had some tension with the Spartans. The two groups never really stopped their warring. The only reason that they did is so that they could unite and face their common enemy, Persia. They transformed from fighting against each other to uniting to face a common enemy. -
432
BCE, Satue of Athena was built
In 432BC the Parthenon in Athens was finished. This huge temple was built to house a statue of the Goddess Athena. The statue was made of ivory, silver, and gold. The forces and pressures for building the temple were that she was put there to look over and protect the city-state The transformation is that the Athenians went from having no god to watch over them to having a beautiful statue of Athena so that she would protect them. -
500
BCE, Start of 'Classical Period'
In 500BC was the start of the 'Classical Period' in Greece. At this time there was a lot of interest in arts, imagination and buildings, especially in the city-state of Athens. This period continued until 323BC. The forces and pressures were that they were able to spend more time on art and buildings because they had a lot of money from trade. They transformed from having very little art and arcitecture in their culture, to having more people become artists and architects. -
Dec 9, 650
BCE, corinth was taken over
From 650BC to 580BC the 'city-state' Corinth (named after the word 'currant') was taken over by Kypselos and he made himself the ruler. This kind of leader is called a tyrant. When Kypselos died, his son Periander took over the role of tyrant. His son took over when his dad died because that is what happened back then -- the son of the king would take over. The forces and pressures were that the king died so his son took over. Greece transformed from one ruler to another ruler. -
Dec 9, 776
BCE, olympics founded
In 776BC it was the year of the first Olympic games. The games were held every four years in Olympia, in honor of the god Zeus. Some of the sports included wrestling, jumping, javelin and chariot racing. A crown of olive branches was awarded to the winner. They created the Olympics so that everyone had a chance to be famous, and to pick good soldiers. The Olympics changed the Greek people because it gave all people a chance to have some fame if they won the Olympics. -
BCE, Greeks defeat persians in the battle of Marathon
In 490BC the Greeks defeated Persian invaders at the battle of Marathon. All of the men of Athens had to fight in the battle and they were victorious against the Persians. The forces and pressures for this battle happening were that the Persians were the most powerfull country and they didin't want the Greeks to overthow them, because in the preceding years the Greeks had been getting more and more powerful. The Greeks transformed from being afraid of the Persians to wining their first war. -
BCE, Greeks defeat Persions in the battle of Salamis
In 480 BCE the Greeks defeated the Persians a second time in the battle of Salamis. They used war ships in this battle called "Triremes." These ships were used to smash into the other ships. The forces and pressures for this happening were that the Persian's leader's father was killed in the battle of Marathon. The son swore to avenge his father so he attacked Athens. Athens transformed from having a beautiful city to having to rebuild the whole city because the Persians. -
BCE, Macedonia takes control of Greece.
In 33 BC Philip II, the king of Macedonia, took control of Greece. After his death, his son Alexander the Great took the throne. The forces and pressures for him taking over Greece are that he wanted to expand his empire, and his son took the throne because back then the son of the king takes over the throne once the king dies. The transformation for this event was that the Greeks went from having a Democracy to being ruled by a king.
