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The ancient egyptian civilization begins. The first Pharaoh of Egypt, Menes, united the upper and lower parts of egypt into a single civilization. He put the capitol at mid point of the two lands in a city called memphis. hieroglyphics are developed. Near the end, the first pyramid is built by the Pharaoh Djoser and the famous Egyptian Architect imhotep
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the fourth dynasty begins and the Great Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx are built. This is often called the Age of Pyramids. the fourth dynasty is a time of peace and also a time when the sun god Re became prominent in the Egyption religion.The Old Kingdom nears its end as the 7th and 8th dynasties are weak and the government begins to collapse. The end of the Old Kingdom is a time of poverty and famine.
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Egypt splits into two countries. The Old Kingdom ends and the first intermediate period begins.
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The Pharaoh Mentuhotep II reunites the two parts of Egypt under one rule signaling the start of the Middle Kingdom. the royal tombs are moved north near the city of Memphis. The Egyptians start to use irrigation to carry water from the Nile to their crops.
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The middle kingdom ends and through second intermediate period begins. Some of the dynasties at the end of the Middle Kingdom and during this period last only for a short time. The horse and chariot are introduced during this period.
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The New Kingdom is the time of greatest prosperity for the Ancient Egyptian civilization. During this time the Pharaohs conquered the most lands and the Egyptian Empire reaches its peak.