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Thomas Newcomen, Steam engine
Steam engines were used as the prime mover in pumps, locomotives, steam ships, traction engines, steam lorries and other road vehicles, and were essential to the Industrial Revolution. -
Abraham Darby I, Coalbrookdale furnace
Abraham Darby started using not charcoal but coke, a residue of distilled coal, to heat the Coalbrookdale blast furnace to the temperatures required to smelt iron. This was a major breakthrough that would later prove decisive. -
Seven years war
The French and Indian War was the North American conflict in a larger imperial war between Great Britain and France known as the Seven Years' War. The French and Indian War began in 1754 and ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763. -
James Hargreaves, Spinnig jenny
The machine used eight spindles onto which the thread was spun, so by turning a single wheel, the operator could now spin eight threads at once. -
James Watt, Steam engine
In 1764 Watt observed a flaw in the Newcomen steam engine: it wasted a lot of steam. -
Boston tea party
American colonists, frustrated and angry at Britain for imposing “taxation without representation,” dumped 342 chests of tea, imported by the British East India Company into the harbor. -
First Continental congress of Philadelphia
Delegates from twelve of Britain's thirteen American colonies met to discuss America's future under growing British aggression. -
Battle of Concord and Lexington
The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War. -
Second Continental congress of Philadelphia
They established a Continental army and elected George Washington as Commander-in-Chief -
Independence day
the Second Continental Congress unanimously adopted the Declaration of Independence, announcing the colonies' separation from Great Britain -
George Washington crosses the Delaware
Washington crossed the Delaware River so that his army could attack an isolated garrison of Hessian troops located at Trenton, New Jersey. -
Saratoga battle
The Battle of Saratoga started with the advancing assault by British. The first assault was that the Battle of Freeman's Farm. -
French treaty of Alligance
Was a defensive alliance between the Kingdom of France and the United States formed amid the American Revolutionary War with Great Britain. -
Samuel Crompton, Spinning mule
It revolutionised textile production by vastly increasing the amount of cotton that could be spun at any one time. -
Yorktown battle
The Battle of Yorktown proved to be the decisive engagement of the American Revolution. -
Edmund Cratwright, Wool combing machine
The machine was used to arrange and lay parallel by length the fibers of wool, prior to further treatment. -
Henry Cort, The puddling proccess for making wrought iron
The puddling process converted pig iron into wrought iron by subjecting it to heat and stirring it in a furnace, without using charcoal. -
Louis XVI calls the Estates General
The political and financial situation in France had grown rather bleak, forcing Louis XVI to summon the Estates General -
Tennis court oath
There, the men of the National Assembly swore an oath never to stop meeting until a constitution had been established. -
Storming of the bastille
A state prison on the east side of Paris, known as the Bastille, was attacked by an angry and aggressive mob. -
Louis XVI amd Marie Antoinette captured at Varennes
The unsuccessful escape from Paris undermined the credibility of the king as a constitutional monarch and eventually led to the escalation of the crisis and the execution of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. -
Eli Whitney, The cotton gin
a machine that revolutionized the production of cotton by greatly speeding up the process of removing seeds from cotton fiber. -
Execution of Louis XVI
He was brought to trail for treason and executed by guillotine, his wife, Mary Antoinette, was executed in the same way nine months later. -
Coup d´etat of Brumaire
the conspirators industriously promulgated the rumour that there was a Jacobin plot to bring down the government. -
Napoleon crowned as emperor (1804, Dec. 2)
the coronation of Napoleon I was played out, in the presence of Pope Pius VII. -
Victory of Austerlitz
The decisive attacks on the Allied center by St. Hilaire and Vandamme split the Allied army in two and left the French in a golden tactical position to win the battle. -
Beginning of the Spanish War of Independence
The war started when the French and Spanish armies invaded and occupied Portugal by transiting through Spain, and it escalated after Napoleonic France occupied Spain, which had been its ally. -
Battle of Bailen
The Battle of Bailén was fought in 1808 between the Spanish Army of Andalusia, led by General Francisco Javier Castaños. -
Battle of the Nations (Leipzig)
After four days of fighting and seeing the battle lost, Napoleon ordered a withdrawal, but his entire rear guard fell into the hands of his enemies. -
Exile of Napoleon in Elba
Elba meant exile for Napoleon, but it was no prison. Napoleon specifically chose it because it had good weather and defenses, -
The battle of Waterloo
the French army commanded by Napoleon Bonaparte, was defeated by the British and Prussian armies in the Waterloo War -
Napoleon´s death at St. Helena
Napoleon died at the age of 51 because of fatal stomach cancer.
